Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils and aroma compounds, fixatives, and solvents used to give the human body, objects, and living spaces a pleasant smell The amount and type of solvent mix with the fragrance oil dictates whether a perfume is considered a perfume extract, Eau de parfum, Eau de toilette, or Eau de Cologne
It is impossible to describe a perfume according to its components because the formulas are kept secret Even if the formulas are known, the ingredients are often too numerous to provide a useful classification Cognoscenti can, however, generally get a handle on the principal ingredients On the other hand, it is possible to group perfumes into olfactive families and describe them through the notes that appear as they slowly evaporate Perfumes can also be classified according to their concentration [1][2] [3]
[edit] Olfactive families
Fragrances can be classified into several olfactive families, by the themes, or accords, of these fragrances
Floral: Fragrances that are dominated by the scent of one or more types of flowers When only one flower is used, it is called a soliflore (as in Dior's Diorissimo, with lily of the valley)
Chypre: Fragrances built on a similar accord consisting of bergamot, oakmoss, pachouli, and labdanum This family of fragrances is named after a perfume by François Coty by the same name Meaning Cyprus in French, the term alludes to the inspiration behind the original creation
Aldehydic: Fragrances that incorporate the family of chemicals known as aldehydes Chanel No 5 was the first aldehydic perfume (created by the French perfumer Ernest Beaux in 1921) Others include Je Reviens and Arpege Aldehydic perfumes have the characteristic "piquant" note produced by materials like Aldehyde C12 MNA
Fougère: Fragrances built on a base of lavender, coumarin and oakmoss This fragrance family is named after Houbigant's Fougère Royale, which pioneered the use of this base Many men's fragrances belong to this family of fragrances, which is characterized by its sharp herbaceous and woody scent
Leather: A family of fragrances which features the scents honey, tobacco, wood, and wood tars in its middle or base notes and a scent that alludes to leather
Woody: Fragrances that are dominated by the woody scents, typically of sandalwood and cedar Patchouli, with its camphoraceous smell, is commonly found in these perfumes
Orientals or ambers: A large fragrance class featuring the scents of vanilla and animal scents together with flowers and woods Can be enhanced by camphorous oils and incense resins, which bring to mind Victorian era imagery of the Middle East and Far East
Citrus: An old fragrance family that until recently consisted mainly of "freshening" eau de colognes due to the low tenacity of citrus scents Development of newer fragrance compounds has allowed for the creation of primarily citrus fragrances
[edit] Fragrance notes
A mixture of alcohol and water is used as the solvent for the aromatics On application, body heat causes the solvent to quickly disperse, leaving the fragrance to evaporate gradually over several hours The rate of evaporation (vapor pressure) and the odor strength of the compound partly determine the tenacity of the compound and determine its perfume note classification
Top notes: Scents that are perceived immediately on application of a perfume Top notes create the scents that form a person's initial impression of a perfume Because of this, they are very important in the selling of a perfume The scents of this note class are usually described as "fresh," "assertive" or "sharp" The compounds that contribute to top notes are strong in scent, very volatile, and evaporate quickly Citrus and ginger scents are common top notes
Heart notes or Middle notes: The scent of a perfume that emerges after the top notes dissipate The heart note compounds form the "heart" or main body of a perfume and act to mask the often unpleasant initial impression of base notes, which become more pleasant with time Not surprisingly, the scent of heart note compounds is usually more mellow and "rounded" Scents from this note class appear anywhere from 2 minutes to 1 hour after the application of a perfume Lavender and rose scents are typical heart notes Top notes and heart notes are sometimes described together as Head notes
Base notes: The scent of a perfume that appears after the departure of the top notes The base and middle notes together are the main theme of a perfume Base notes bring depth and solidness to a perfume Compounds of this class are often the fixatives used to hold and boost the strength of the lighter top and heart notes The compounds of this class of scents are typically rich and "deep" and are usually not perceived until 30 minutes after the application of the perfume or during the period of perfume dry-down Musk, vetiver and scents of plant resins are commonly used as base notes
[edit] Concentration and composition
Perfumes oils, or the "juice" of perfume composition, are diluted with a suitable solvent to make the perfume more usable This is done because undiluted oils (natural or synthetic) contain high concentrations of volatile components that will likely result in allergic reactions and possibly injury when applied directly to skin or clothing
Although dilutions of the perfume oil can be done using solvents such as jojoba, fractionated coconut oil, and wax, the most common solvents for perfume oil dilution is ethanol or a mixture of ethanol and water The percent of perfume oil by volume in a perfume is listed as follows:
Perfume extract: 20%-40% aromatic compounds
Eau de parfum: 10-30% aromatic compounds
Eau de toilette: 5-20% aromatic compounds
Eau de cologne: 2-3% aromatic compounds
As the percentage of aromatic compounds decreases, the intensity and longevity of the scent decrease It should be noted that different perfumeries or perfume houses assign different amounts of oils to each of their perfumes As such, although the oil concentration of a perfume in eau de parfum (EDP) dilution will necessarily be higher than the same perfume in eau de toilette (EDT) form, the same trends may not necessarily apply to different perfume compositions much less across different perfume houses
Furthermore, some fragrances with the same product name but having a different concentration name may not only differ in their dillutions, but actually use different perfume oil mixtures altogether For instance, in order to make the EDT version of a fragrance brighter and fresher than its EDP, the EDT oil may be "tweaked" to contain slightly more top notes or less base notes In some cases, words such as "extrême" or "concentrée" appended to frangrance names might indicate completely different frangrances that relates only because of a similar perfume accord An instance to this would be Chanel‘s Pour Monsieur and Pour Monsieur Concentrée
[edit] Natural and synthetic aromatics
[edit] Plant sources
Plants have long been used in perfumery as a source of essential oils and aroma compounds These aromatics are usually secondary metabolites produced by plants as protection against herbivores, infections, as well as to attract pollinators Plants are by far the largest source of fragrant compounds used in perfumery The sources of these compounds may be derived from various parts of a plant A plant can offer more than one source of aromatics, for instance the aerial portions and seeds of coriander have remarkably different odors from each other Orange leaves, blossoms, and fruit zest are the respective sources of petit grain, neroli, and orange oils
Flowers and blossoms: Undoubtedly the largest source of aromatics Includes the flowers of several species of rose and jasmine, as well as osmanthus, mimosa, tuberose, as well as the blossoms of citrus and ylang-ylang trees Although not traditionally thought of as a flower, the unopened flower buds of the clove are also commonly used Orchid flowers are not commercially used to produce essential oils or absolutes, except in the case of vanilla, an orchid, which must be pollinated first and made into seed pods before use in perfumery
Leaves and twigs: Commonly used for perfumery are lavender leaf, patchouli, sage, violets, rosemary, and citrus leaves Sometimes leaves are valued for the "green" smell they bring to perfumes, examples of this include hay and tomato leaf
Roots, rhizomes and bulbs: Commonly used terrestrial portions in perfumery include iris rhizomes, vetiver roots, various rhizomes of the ginger family
Seeds: Commonly used seeds include tonka bean, coriander, caraway, cocoa, nutmeg, mace, cardamom, and anise
Fruits: Fresh fruits such as apples, strawberries, cherries unfortunately do not yield the expected odors when extracted; if such fragrance notes are found in a perfume, they are synthetic Notable exceptions include litsea cubeba, vanilla, and juniper berry The most commonly used fruits yield their aromatics from the rind; they include citrus such as oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruit
Woods: Highly important in providing the base notes to a perfume, wood oils and distillates are indispensable in perfumery Commonly used woods include sandalwood, rosewood, agarwood, birch, cedar, juniper, and pine
Bark: Commonly used barks includes cinnamon and cascarilla The fragrant oil in sassafras root bark is also used either directly or purified for its main constituent, safrole, which is used in the synthesis of other fragrant compounds such as helional
Resins: Valued since antiquity, resins have been widely used in incense and perfumery Highly fragrant and antiseptic resins and resin-containing perfumes have been used by many cultures as medicines for a large variety of ailments Commonly used resins in perfumery include labdanum, frankincense/olibanum, myrrh, Peru balsam, gum benzoin Pine and fir resins are a particularly valued source of terpenes used in the organic synthesis of many other synthetic or naturally occurring aromatic compounds Some of what is called amber and copal in perfumery today is the resinous secretion of fossil conifers
Lichens: Commonly used lichen includes oakmoss and treemoss thalli
[edit] Animal sources
Musk: Originally derived from the musk sacs from the Asian musk deer, it has now been replaced by the use of synthetic musks due to its price and ethical issues
Civet: Also called Civet Musk, this is obtained from the odorous sacs of the civets, animals in the family Viverridae, related to the Mongoose
Castoreum: Obtained from the odorous sacs of the North American beaver
Ambergris: Lumps of oxidized fatty compounds, whose precursors were secreted and expelled by the Sperm Whale Ambergris is commonly referred as "amber" in perfumery and should not be confused with yellow amber, which is used in jewelry
Honeycomb: Distilled from the honeycomb of the Honeybee
[edit] Synthetic sources
Synthetic aromatics are created through organic synthesis from various chemical compounds that are obtained from petroleum distillates, pine resins, or other relatively cheap organic feedstock Synthetics can provide fragrances which are not found in nature For instance, Calone, a compound of synthetic origin, imparts a fresh ozonous metallic marine scent that is widely used in contemporary perfumes Synthetic aromatics are often used as an alternate source of compounds that are not easily obtained from natural sources For example, linalool and coumarin are both naturally occurring compounds that can be cheaply synthesized from terpenes Orchid scents (typically salicylates) are usually not obtained directly from the plant itself but are instead synthetically created to match the fragrant compounds found in various orchids
The majority of the world's synthetic aromatics are created by relatively few companies They include:
International Flavors and Fragrances (IFF)
Givaudan
Firmenich
Quest International
Takasago
Symrise
Mane SA
CPL
Each of these companies patent several processes for the production of aromatic synthetics annually
See Aroma compound
[edit] Obtaining natural odorants
Main article: Extraction (fragrance)
Before perfumes can be composed, the odorants used in various perfume compositions must first be obtained Synthetic odorants are produced through organic synthesis and purified Odorants from natural sources require the use of various methods to extract the aromatics from the raw materials The results of the extraction are either essential oils, absolutes, concretes, or butters, depending on the amount of waxes in the extracted product [4]
All these techniques will to a certain extent, distort the odour of the aromatic compounds obtained from the raw materials This is due to the use of heat, harsh solvents, or through exposure to oxygen in the extraction process which will denature the aromatic compounds, which either change their odour character or renders them odourless
Maceration/Solvent extraction: The most used and economically important technique for extracting aromatics in the modern perfume industry Raw materials are submerged in a solvent that can dissolve the desired aromatic compounds Maceration lasts anywhere from hours to months Fragrant compounds for woody and fibrous plant materials are often obtained in this manner as are all aromatics from animal sources The technique can also be used to extract odorants that are too volatile for distillation or easily denatured by heat Commonly used solvents for maceration/solvent extraction include hexane, and dimethyl ether The product of this process is called a "concrete"
Supercritical fluid extraction: A relatively new technique for extracting fragrant compounds from a raw material, which often employ Supercritical CO2 Due to the low heat of process and the relatively unreactive solvent used in the extraction, the fragrant compounds derived often closely resemble the original odour of the raw material
Ethanol extraction: A type of solvent extraction used to extract fragrant compounds directly from dry raw materials, as well as the impure oily compounds materials resulting from solvent extraction or enfleurage Ethanol extraction is not used to extract fragrance from fresh plant materials since these contain large quantities of water, which will also be extracted into the ethanol
Distillation: A common technique for obtaining aromatic compounds from plants, such as orange blossoms and roses The raw material is heated and the fragrant compounds are re-collected through condensation of the distilled vapour
Steam distillation: Steam from boiling water is passed through the raw material, which drives out their volatile fragrant compounds The condensate from distillation are settled in a Florentine flask This allows for the easy separation of the fragrant oils from the water The water collected from the condensate, which retains some of the fragrant compounds and oils from the raw material is called hydrosol and sometimes sold This is most commonly used for fresh plant materials such as flowers, leaves, and stems
Dry/destructive distillation: The raw materials are directly heated in a still without a carrier solvent such as water Fragrant compounds that are released from the raw material by the high heat often undergo anhydrous pyrolysis, which results in the formation of different fragrant compounds, and thus different fragrant notes This method is used to obtain fragrant compounds from fossil amber and fragrant woods where an intentional "burned" or "toasted" odour is desired
Expression: Raw material is squeezed or compressed and the oils are collected Of all raw materials, only the fragrant oils from the peels of fruits in the citrus family are extracted in this manner since the oil is present in large enough quantities as to make this extraction method economically feasible
Enfleurage: Absorption of aroma materials into wax and then extracting the odorous oil with alcohol Extraction by enfleurage was commonly used when distillation was not possible due to the fact that some fragrant compounds denature through high heat This technique is not commonly used in the present day industry due to its prohibitive cost and the existence of more efficient and effective extraction methods [2]
[edit] Fragrant extracts
Although fragrant extracts are known to the general public as the generic term "essential oils", a more specific language is used in the fragrance industry to describe the source, purity, and technique used to obtain a particular fragrant extract
Of these extracts, only absolutes, essential oils, and tinctures are directly used to formulate perfumes
Absolute: Fragrant materials that are purified from a pommade or concrete by soaking them in ethanol By using a slightly hydrophilic compound such as ethanol, most of the fragrant compounds from the waxy source materials can be extracted without dissolving any of the fragrantless waxy molecules Absolutes are usually found in the form of an oily liquid
Concrete: Fragrant materials that have been extracted from raw materials through solvent extraction using volatile hydrocarbons Concretes usually contain a large amount of wax due to the ease in which the solvents dissolve various hydrophobic compounds As such concretes are usually further purified through distillation or ethanol based solvent extraction Concretes are typically either waxy or resinous solids or thick oily liquids
Essential oil: Fragrant materials that have been extracted from a source material directly through distillation or expression and obtained in the form of an oily liquid Oils extracted through expression are sometimes called expression oils
Pomade: A fragrant mass of solid fat created from the enfleurage process, in which odorous compounds in raw materials are adsorbed into animal fats Pommades are found in the form of an oily and sticky solid
Tincture: Fragrant materials produced by directly soaking and infusing raw materials in ethanol Tinctures are typically thin liquids [2]
[edit] Composing perfumes
Perfume compositions are an important part of many industries ranging from the luxury goods sectors, food services industries, to manufacturers of various household chemicals The purpose of using perfume or fragrance compositions in these industries is to affect customers through their sense of smell and entice them into purchasing the perfume or perfumed product As such there is significant interest in producing a perfume formulation that people will find aesthetically pleasing
[edit] The Perfumer
The job of composing perfumes that will sell is left up to an expert on perfume composition or known in the fragrance industry as the perfumer They are also sometimes referred to affectionately as "the Nose" due to their fine sense of smell and skill in smell composition The perfumer is effectively an artist who is trained in depth on the concepts of fragrance aesthetics and who is capable of conveying abstract concepts and moods with their fragrance compositions At the most rudimentary level, a perfumer must not only have a keen knowledge of a large variety of fragrance ingredients and their smells, and be able to distinguish each of the fragrance ingredients whether alone or in combination with other frangrances As well, they must know how each ingredient reveals itself through time with other ingredients The job of the perfumer is very similar to that of flavourists, who compose smells and flavourants for many commercial food products
The composition of a perfume typically begins with a brief by the perfumer's employer or an outside customer The customers to the perfumer or their employers, are typically fashi
香港代购
某天在网上看到做香港代购的宣传信息,想了下,我也完全有能力和条件去做啊,于是花时间去了解和收集这方面的材料,了解到这个行业的竞争还是相当的大。因为我一直是个很喜欢收集八卦和购物的人,所以经常往返香港的我就像如鱼得水了。不过在这里我还要感谢下我的香港朋友,他们在香港从吃到购物,从小集市到大批发,从小门店到大商场一一为我做了导游和搜集。呵呵正因如此我也从香港的各大名店和商铺得到了二十多张的VIP卡下面我就要来秀一下我的这些卡和它的神奇功能哦,另外也介绍下每间商场的特色一,商场卡:朗豪坊
1/F至3/F时尚品牌汇聚
一至三楼可谓名牌的集中地,多个国际品牌均进驻这一层面积较大的商铺,当中包括Armarni Exchange、Miss Sixty、Shu Uemura、United Colors of Benetton等时尚衣饰。
4/F美食广场Grand Atrium
这里是你疯狂购物后最佳的充电地方,因为这里有齐中、西、日、韩、意等各式美食,包括Starbucks、满记、香辣屋、元气寿司等,迎合不同食客的口胃。
5/F至7/F主打年轻服饰
旺角是年轻人的世界,既然商场坐落在这里,当然要照顾年轻人的需要。五楼至七楼集中了很多年轻潮流名店,包括it及旗下的b+ab、Double Park、French Connection;亦有走日式少女路�的Nice Claup、Super Lover等;六楼则有Supernova、Extravaganza及本地原创品牌Heroic Rendezvous。
8/F至12/F Spiral潮流特区
位于八至十楼的Spiral区域是商场两大特别区域之一,这四层商场以螺旋式( Spiral )设计,超过一百五十间商店售卖至潮的年轻人玩意、服饰和摆设。
12/F及13/F Ozone娱乐专区
仍在兴建中的商场另一个特别区域Ozone,位处商场顶层,是终极吃喝玩乐的地方,内有各式餐厅、酒吧及Cafe,同时是近距离欣赏“数码天幕”( Digital Sky )的最佳
二。海港城:堪称最受内地人追捧的热门商场,直接连接着FACES和连卡佛在这几个商场(可购物,吃饭看**还有酒吧等)你可以尽情的购物吃喝玩FACES里有几间餐馆都不错,我比较喜欢两家:意大利餐厅和中式餐厅。但是,连卡佛里的一间自助餐厅我不建议大家去,东西做的还蛮精致,但真的不怎么好吃。这几间的价格两人在800-1500左右相对而言中式的要划算些。
三,又一城,吃东西有很多港式和国外的快餐店不贵。有一间粥店比较贵,(可购物吃饭看**滑冰)
四,铜锣湾,太古,时代,SOGO等这些商场。就介绍下太古吧。在那里国际一线品牌都可找到款式比较多和新,环境很好如果你住在上面的酒店吃东西还可直接记帐在你的房间帐上。还有机会碰到不少名人(我比较懒其他就不详细介绍)以上商场除太古我均有卡买化妆品护肤品等除一线品牌外均可打9折
以下VIP CARD是名品是不同折扣的专卖店品牌:DFS九折;SASA95折;周生生九折;JUST GOLD金钻九折散钻95折,CK,PINKO,LAUREN GROUP LIMITED(PP),九折{IT,D-MOE,bahous}这几间店属于很多名牌的代理比如Y3,miss sitty等在这都可找到,价格比专卖店要便宜些。在bahous店我有七到九折但低折扣每个月只有一次所以要等,还有几间值得介绍的店在中国区也有,不过在香港更便宜,ZARA,H&M,MNG它们属于名牌的减缩版,减缩的是它们的价格,时尚依旧,对于很多时尚爱美的女还来说,大品牌的货物对她们来说固然吸引,但对它们的价格也是望而生畏,所以这几个品牌对大家而言就像是救星。(我将会在我的淘宝网上发供大家选择,男女都有,如果我的网站内没有您要找的款式,您可把品牌和其他详细资料告诉我或发给我)adidas(译音阿迪达斯)所有产品都可七折
护肤品85折:欧莱雅 /安娜苏/碧欧泉/纪梵希/圣罗兰/欧舒丹/娇兰/娇韵诗/兰蔻/DIOR
护肤品9折:香奈儿/植村秀/雅诗兰黛(单品9折,套装无折)/CHANEL/倩碧/品木宣言/娇兰
其他75折:施华洛世奇水晶/登喜路/BALLY /COACH/浪琴/POLO/BURBERRY /天梭/欧米加
太阳眼镜:COACH 75折/GUCCI 85折/ DIOR 75折/其中有些品牌还有更低的折扣,我会在我的淘宝网上公布。
现在来公布下护肤品的排行榜让大家有更多的选择:(后面加好用的是说明我正在用的或已经用过的评论)
一,最喜爱的卸妆产品:第一位,Bioderma Sensibio H2O Lotion它的卸妆水品牌的王牌产品也是more美容大赏最喜爱的卸妆产品,此新配方含天然青瓜植物精华,在在卸妆是能补充水分,就算是敏感皮肤也适用。第二位,shu uemura Brightening Cleansing 译音植村秀(我不喜欢洗完之后油油的感觉但效果很好)第三位,MTM Custom-blended Oil cleanser
二,最喜欢的化妆水:第一位Estee Lauder cyber white EX EXtra Brightening Moisture Lotion译音雅诗兰黛:功效,能温和去除死皮之外,更能软化角质层,重塑洁净肌肤的表面(好用)。第二位:IPSA The time Reset Aqua W(中国区简称是欧泊莱)第三位shiseido white lucent brightening refining softener
三,最喜爱的晚霜:植村秀,产品利用黑茶酵素黑糖复合物,达到紧肤和抗皱哦的功效,加上其其微微的柠檬香味,晚上使用尤其舒缓。(好用)第二位,Jurlique Biodynamic Beaut Night Lotion(中国区还没有,香港也只有免税店有)第三位,Elizabeth Arden Prevage Anti-aging Night Cream
四,最喜爱的洁面产品第一位:Shiseido white lucent Brightening Cleansing Foam(译音欧泊莱)shiseido的美白系列White Lucent一向有口界碑,此亮白洁面泡沫兼备美白功效,加水后极易起泡,能深入毛孔去除污垢,气味清新。第二位,Kiehl's Ultra Focial Cleanser
第三位,Cle de peau Beaute Gentle Cleansing Foam(我朋友认为很好用简称dpb)
五,最喜爱的面霜第一位Clinique Superdefense Age Defense Moisturizer简称倩碧此保湿霜具有SPF防晒系数,有助抗紫外光,舒缓敏感肌肤和抗衰老,有三种配方,适合不同肌肤(好用)第二位OLAY。第三位欧莱雅
六,最喜爱的精华素第一位,IPAS The time Reset Essence WIPSA The time Reset系列一保湿锁水著称,The Time Reset Essence W更具有自我水分调节功能,及时补水和锁水,保持肌肤水分饱满(我现在用的薇姿也不错)第二位SK-II Whitening soutce DermDefinition第三位Guerlain Orchidee Imperoale Exceptinal Complete Care Serum
七,最喜爱的控油收毛孔第一位,VICHY Normaderm Anti-Imperfection Hydrating Care简称薇姿,VICHY的产品全部都含有法国温泉水,此空油收毛孔产品更是少数控制油份分泌,又有保湿功效,其超细微维科技更可修饰抚平肌肤瑕疵(好用)。第二位BITHERM Biopur Intensive pore-reducing Concentrate(译音碧欧泉)第三位BObbi Brown oil Control lotion
最喜爱的深层清洁第一位,ORIGINS温和的深层清洁产品柔出泡沫,同时间软化及滋润肌肤,加上蕴含银针白茶成分,有助抗氧化,及早预防肌肤出现泛黄问题(好用)。第二位Lancome(兰蔻)第三位,Borghese
八,最喜爱的抗衰老产品第一位,兰蔻08年的王牌产品,有内而外修护皱纹,松弛等老化痕迹,并强化肌肤的年轻感。第二位雅诗兰黛。第三位Ultima II
九最喜爱的美白产品第一位兰蔻它是08年的重点美白产品,利用夜间细胞代谢高峰来让黑色素抑制,很顽固的色斑瞬间就淡退亮白。第二位雅诗兰黛。第三位Sofina
九,最喜爱的保湿产品第一位,倩碧更加针对冷气开放的室内低温和干燥的环境,保湿功效可长达12小时(好用)。第二位薇姿。 第三位Skinlab
十,最喜爱的紧致去纹第一位,雅诗兰黛,两小时立即于肌肤底层加速胶原蛋白增生功效即时可见,加上紫色的樽身和清晰的香味,讨好之余,也轻易令人留下深刻印象(好用)。第二位兰蔻。第三位SK-II
十一,最喜爱的防晒产品第一位,Sofina多年来的冠军产品,质地透薄清爽(好用)第二位Anessa(还可以)第三位Neutrogena
十二,最喜爱的重点去斑产品第一位欧莱雅升级配方,注入6倍多的维他命c,一次过抗皱,淡化色斑,使肌肤恢复均白匀称,加上其价格合理,所以大受欢迎。第二位兰蔻。第三位薇姿。
十三,最喜爱的面膜第一名SK_II美白精华有效渗透进皮肤底层(很好用)第二位OLAY。第三位~H2O+
十四,最喜爱的眼部产品第一位~H2O+,8杯水睡眠修复眼膜,同时紧致,锁水消除眼袋,眼纹和黑眼圈。第二位MTM,第三位,欧莱雅(在这还要向大家推荐雅诗兰黛的眼霜,真的很好用更加针对于黑眼圈和眼部紧致,消肿,特别见效。
十五,最喜爱的身体产品第一位The Body shop它的润肤产品选择多价钱又够大众化,容易被皮肤吸收,能滋润,软化和令肌肤柔软湿润细致。(很好用,我用了四年了,不同季节有不同的选择。第二位L'occitane 第三位Neutrogena
十六,最爱的化妆底霜第一位Maquillaga(属于欧泊莱公司)有明显的遮瑕效果的状前底霜,更有修饰毛孔的作用,特别适合粗糙油性皮肤使用。(好用,用完后化妆效果让脸看起来很透亮。)第二位IPSA。第三位Kanebo
十七,最喜爱的粉底液第一位IPSA连续四年得冠质感水凝湿润,具多功能防水,防汗,防油脂,缔造持久不脱的透白妆容。(好用)第二位BOBBI BROWN。第四位Kanebo Lunasol
十八,最喜爱的润唇产品第一位Neutrogena有助保湿,抚平唇纹和破裂唇皮。第二位Kieh,s Lip Balm#1 Pear(一和二而我都用过都很好用)第三位Origins Dr Andrew Weil
十九,最喜爱的塑身产品第一位CLARINS Body Shaping Supplement蕴含咖啡因成分,可阻止脂肪组成,加速脂肪分解,减少脂肪聚集,及刺激和促进淋巴和血液循环。润肤之余,更有明显的塑身功效(另外再推荐一款2B,这个在内地区还没有卖,在香港也是才到不久,好用里面有玻尿酸的成分)第二位Colistar slim Gel第三位碧欧泉
二十,最喜爱的遮瑕产品第一位,Sofina柔软的质地轻易推开,通过重叠光线光线散发色泽自然遮盖力脸上瑕疵,笔状设计设用更方便。第二名YSL Touche Eclat Radiant Touch第三位薇姿。
最喜爱的两用粉饼第一位IPAS具有SPF20PA++防晒功效和光泽质感,有助遮盖色斑和平滑肌肤表面。第二位Dior第三位sofina
二十一最喜爱的碎粉第一位MAC Mineralize Skinfinish Natural矿物分并利用矿物所制,透薄的质地让肌肤没有负担(自推出以来就已经数次断货,好用)。第二位Maquillage Loose Powder第三位Kanebo Coffret D'or Makeup Powder
二十二,最爱的睫毛液第一位L'oreal Double Extension Beauty Tubes睫毛增长达80%,分明细致效果持久,且以温水便可完全卸掉睫毛液,方便易用。(好用)第二位倩碧。第三位Maybellin Volum
二十三最喜爱的香水第一位Miss Dior Cherie Blooming Bouquet EDT是专为新一代年轻女士而推出的香水系列,清新脱俗。第二位香奈儿5号。第三位Anna Sui Night of Fancy这三种个有特色我认为可用在不同的场合。
二十四男士护肤第一位碧欧泉针对男士推出的脸部和身体全系列保养产品,是男士的护肤专家(我大部分男性朋友都认为很好用)第二位L'oreal Men expert第三位LAB SERIES
最喜爱的护肤品牌 最喜爱的化妆品牌 至尊品牌
ESTEE LAUDER MAQUillAGE Dior
(^__^) 嘻嘻……在香港购物有几大好处花港币比人民币划算,价格比内地便宜20%而且还能打折哦。产品有保障,如果你在使用某品牌的化妆品产生过敏反可退货。呵呵是不是很动心呢?给我留言或进入我的淘宝网吧。如果您还有什么凝问或帮助也可以问我。好了希望以上的介绍可以帮助到您
qq,531327184
粉刺,也叫痤疮,暗疮,青春痘,是青少年时期最常见的炎性皮肤病,对于生了痤疮的人来说,只要积极寻找发病的透因,并进行合理的治疗,消退皮疹并不困难,重要的是在治疗前后采取必要的皮肤护理,预防加重和反复迁延复发。
那么,在家里应该采取哪些护肤措施呢?
◆一、清洁皮肤。针对患者皮肤油腻的特点,采取晨起和睡前交替使用中性偏碱香皂(如力士、夏士莲香皂)和仅适合油性皮肤使用的洗面奶洗脸,并用双手指腹顺皮纹方向轻轻按摩3-5分钟,以增强香皂和洗面奶的去污力, 然后用温水或温热水洗干净,彻底清除当天皮肤上的灰尘、油垢。若遇面部尘埃、油脂较多,应及时用温水冲洗。一般洗脸次数以每日2-3次为宜。
◆二、疏通毛孔。当面部出现粉刺时,打一盆热水,把经洗面奶或细砂磨砂膏净面后的脸置于升腾的蒸汽中,而后用大毛巾包裹面部3分钟,促使毛孔打开,再用事先以75%酒精棉球消毒过的医用注射针头(5-7号)的针帽或粉刺器柔和地挤压粉刺边缘的皮肤,即可将粉刺挤出来。此法不易损害附近皮肤,不致留下疤痕。
◆三、避免使用油性或粉质化妆品,酌情使用水质护扶品,尤忌浓妆。睡前应彻底清除当天的化妆品,并避免睡前涂抹营养霜、药膏等,使夜间的皮肤轻松、畅通,充分呼吸。
◆四、避免用手经常触摸已长出的粉刺或用头发及粉底霜极力掩盖皮疹,尤其要克服用手乱挤乱压粉刺的不良习惯,因为手上的细菌和头发上的赃物极易感染皮肤,加重粉刺,而乱挤乱压可致永久的凹陷性疤痕,留下终身遗憾。
◆五、饮食上少吃脂肪、高糖、辛辣、油煎的食品及白酒、咖啡等刺激性饮料,多吃蔬菜、水果、多饮开水。经常便秘者可用绿豆20克、慧米50克,同煮成粥,加少量冰糖调和,每日分两次服。
◆六、坚持多做一些市内的大幅度运动,以加快血液循环,促使体内的废物及时排出体外,使皮肤在不断的出汗过程中保持毛孔通畅,随后及时加以清洗。
■发病原因:
痤疮的发病原因较多,也较复杂。主要有外在因素和内在因素二类。
(一)内在因素:
☆1雄激素分泌过盛:是最主要的原因。特别是青春期男女雄激素分泌过盛是形成"青春痘"的主要原因。雄激素可直接刺激皮脂腺增多,促进毛囊的角化,堵塞毛孔引起炎症,造成粉刺,面疱的产生。
☆2与女性生理周期有关:有些女性在月经来临之前,面疱加剧。主要与激素分泌改变有关。
☆3身体内在疾病或功能紊乱:如胃、肾、肝等脏器病变,特别是胃肠功能紊乱,便秘等会诱发痤疮的产生。
☆4精神紧张、疲劳过度、睡眠不足等。
☆5过食油腻,酸辣等刺激性食物及甜食。
(二)外在因素:
☆1清洁不当:致使毛孔堵塞,细菌感染引起。
☆2乱挤、乱抠、针挑不当:有些人长了粉刺后,乱挤压引起细菌感染。
☆3应用劣质化妆品,如两用粉饼、粉底等。
☆4紫外线及某些化学物质等。
■分类
(一)粉刺:
包括小粉刺、白头粉刺、黑头粉刺。白头粉刺属不安定型粉刺(闭合型)容易演变成面疱。黑头粉刺属安定型粉刺(开放型):不容易变化。
(二)面疱:
1急性炎症型:包括丘疹、脓胞、结节。
2慢性炎症型:包括囊肿型和多孔型。各类粉刺、面疱可同时在一个人脸上存在,并可互相演变。
■预防及治疗:
(一)内在治疗:
1、抗炎治疗
2、中药治疗:副作用少,疗效确切。
3、治疗内部疾病,避免便秘。
4、保持精神愉快,注意饮食、睡眠。
(二)外在治疗:
1、保持清洁、畅通毛孔,定期做脸部护理。
2、尽量不用手乱挤。
3、避免使用色彩品,特别是粉底。
4、注意防晒。
★验方★
(1)雪梨芹菜汁:芹菜100克,西红柿1个,雪梨150克,柠檬半个。洗净后同放入果汁机中搅汁,饮用,每日1次。功效清热,润肤。适用于痤疮的辅助治疗。
(2)红萝卜芹菜汁:红萝卜(中等大小)1个,芹菜150克,洋葱1个,洗净后放入搅汁机中搅汁,饮用,每日1次。清热解毒,祛火。可辅助防治痤疮。
(3)枇杷叶膏:将鲜枇杷叶(洗净去毛)1000克,加水8000毫升,煎煮 3小时后过滤去渣,再浓缩成膏,兑入蜂蜜适量混匀,贮存备用。每次吃 10克~15克,每日2次。功效清解肺热,化痰止咳。适用于痤疮、酒糟鼻等。服药期间忌食辛辣刺激性食物及酒类。
(4)海藻薏苡仁粥:海藻、昆布、甜杏仁各9克,薏苡仁30克。将海藻、昆布、甜杏仁加水适量煎煮,弃渣取汁液,再与薏苡仁煮粥食用,每日 1次,3周为1个疗程。功效活血化瘀,消炎软坚,适用于痤疮。
(5)山楂桃仁粥:山楂、桃仁各9克,荷叶半张,粳米60克。先将前三味煮汤,去渣后入粳米煮成粥。每日1剂,连用30日。适用于痰淤凝结者所致的痤疮。
(6)海带绿豆汤:海带、绿豆各15克,甜杏仁9克,玫瑰花6克,红糖适量。将玫瑰花用布包好,与各药同煮后,去玫瑰花,加红糖食用。每日 1剂,连用30日。适用于防治痤疮。
(7)醋姜木瓜:陈醋100毫升,木瓜60克,生姜9克。将3味共放入沙锅中煎煮,待醋煮干时,取出木瓜、生姜食之。每日1剂,早晚2次吃完。连用7日。对脾胃痰温所致的痤疮有效。
(8)枸杞消炎粥:枸杞子30克,白鸽肉、粳米各100克,细盐、味精、香油各适量。洗净白鸽肉,剁成肉呢。洗净枸杞子和粳米,放入沙锅中,加鸽肉泥及适量水,文火煨粥,粥成时加入细盐、味精、香油,拌匀。每日1剂,分2次食用,5~8剂为1个疗程。具有托毒排邪、养阴润肤、消痈退肿功效。适用于皮肤有感染、脸生粉刺者。
(9)薏苡仁海带双仁粥:薏苡仁15克,枸杞、桃仁各15克,海带、甜杏仁各10克,绿豆20克,粳米50克。将桃仁、甜杏仁用纱布包,水煎取汁,加入薏苡仁、海带末、枸杞子、粳米同煮粥吃。每日2次。具有清热解毒,清火消炎,活血化瘀,养阴润肤功效。适用于防治痤疮。
(10)果菜绿豆饮:取小白菜、芹菜、苦瓜、柿椒、柠檬、苹果、绿豆各适量。先将绿豆煮30 分钟,滤其汁;将小白菜、芹菜、苦瓜、柿椒、苹果分别洗净切段或块,搅汁,调入绿豆汁,滴入柠檬汁,加蜂蜜调味饮用。每日1~2次。有清热解毒,防治粉刺功效。
(11)果菜防痤汁:取苦瓜、黄瓜、芹菜、梨、橙、菠萝各适量。将苦瓜去籽,菠萝去皮,切块;将黄瓜、芹菜、梨、橙及苦瓜、菠萝同搅汁,调入蜂蜜饮服。每日1~2次。具有清热解毒、杀菌功效。适用于防治痤疮。
(12)绿豆薏苡仁防痤汤:将绿豆、薏苡仁各25克,山楂10克,洗净,加水500克,泡30分钟后煮开,滚几分钟后即停火,不要揭盖,焖15分钟即可,当茶饮。每日3~5次,适用于油性皮肤,有预防长粉刺和青春疙瘩作用。
■注意事项
1 早睡早起,生活规律,保证充分睡眠。保持患部清洁。不滥用化妆品和药物。
2 不吃辛辣刺激性食物。多吃新鲜蔬菜和水果。多饮开水。
3 树立信心,不忧伤,不苦恼,心情愉快。
■日常清洁
1.坚持使用暗疮皮肤专用的洗脸皂或洁面剂。不含皂基和酒精的成分,不会对暗疮再造成刺激。
2.不能过度清洁皮肤。因为清洁过度会刺激细胞分泌更多油脂,形成恶性循环。
3.卸妆、洁面必须分别进行,因为只有含油分的卸妆液才能彻底清除同属油性的化妆品。
4.要用专用海绵辅助洗脸,让油腻的皮肤变得清爽。要把洁面液在手心揉搓出泡沫,再用海绵使泡沫增加;把海绵从脖子、嘴巴四周、下巴、脸颊、鼻梁等处顺序轻刷,最后用温水冲走泡沫,再用冷水拍脸。
■化妆遮盖
朋友聚会、参加面试,或与新友初次见面,脸上如果有暗疮会觉得很不自然,在这儿告诉你几条锦囊妙计。
■遮瑕霜
准备个小号化妆扫,一盒高质量的遮瑕霜,一盒碎粉。
记住前后顺序:
1.在暗疮印上扫上遮瑕霜。
2.用手指把遮瑕霜推开。
3.用遮瑕扫在突起或高起的部分做修补。
4.扑上与肤色接近的碎粉,一分钟后扫去,这有助于定妆并吸去油分,让效果持久。
■遮颊小贴士:
1.不要在正在发炎甚至化脓的暗疮上涂遮瑕霜,暗疮有脓或形成伤口的话,很容易感染细菌,处理不当流出脓水就更糟糕了。
2.遮瑕扫有利于填补凹凸的疤痕,比用手指涂抹效果更好更服帖。
■除痘遮瑕笔
使用除痘遮瑕笔进行遮盖没有后顾之忧,因为除痘遮瑕笔内含抗菌因子,在抗菌治疗的同时,又能进一步治疗并遮盖痘痘,还能与彩妆隔离。使用时用除痘遮瑕笔直接涂在没有化脓发炎的痘痘上面,就能有很好的遮瑕效果。
■个性化妆
将单个的、高出皮肤表面的,大而红肿的痘痘作为妆面饰物描画出来,是一种另类的化妆法。首先要用除痘遮瑕笔打底,起到与彩妆隔离的作用。
如果是嘴角或下巴上的痘痘,可以画成一颗痣。
如果是脸颊上的痘痘,可以用纹身彩笔画成小图案,活泼而有个性。
如果长在额头上的痘痘,可以贴上小彩贴或亮片,又炫又酷。
■从生活起居做起
1.不用油性化妆品,如含高油分的防晒霜等。
2.如口部长有痘痘,停止使用含氟牙膏。
3.痘痘成长期暂时不要吃海鲜、芒果和补品。
4.避免使用皂基成分的洁面品,以免破坏皮肤的酸性保护膜,使皮肤失去抵抗力,更容易引起细菌感染,产生敏感痘痘。
■抗痘产品推介:
1.VICHY薇姿抗痘瞬间PH4系列--抗痘瞬间洁面口者喱、抗痘瞬间2合1洁肤液、抗痘瞬间日霜、抗痘瞬间遮暇笔、抗痘瞬间贴,是特别针对容易生粉刺的皮肤研制的,其与其他同功效产品最大的不同之处是采用了PH4酸性配方,可以提高产品的抗菌效果,加强其溶解角质的功效,所以能够有效解决造成痤疮的原因之一:角化过度和细菌增殖,从而在根本上促进炎症的消退,疏通毛孔的阻塞,使痤疮性皮肤的烦恼明显减少。
2.ORLANE平衡油脂系列--清新洗颜蜜、收敛平衡水、去油纯净乳液、油脂平衡凝露、平衡洁肤面膜、控痘胶,有去油除痘专家之称,是专门针对因多油导致毛孔阻塞的人士研制的。该产品系列从清洁到调理油脂分泌入手,具有预防痤疮产生的作用。
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“只要青春,不要痘”脍炙人口的广告用语,简短而俏皮的青春宣言,却道尽了青春年少的无奈心情!
根据医学统计,仅有20%的幸运青少年在青春期时可以幸免青春痘的肆虐;有高达50%的青少年在经历青春期时,至少有一年以上的时间,青春痘长期存在;至于那剩余30%的高发危险群,则终其青春期,青春痘都如影随形,挥之不去,甚至在度过青春期之后,青春痘都尚无“退居”的打算!
青春痘既是如此令人厌恶,在知己知彼,百战百胜的作战原则下,我们先对其来龙去脉作一番了解。
引致青春痘的原因其实十分单纯,仅是因为皮脂腺分泌油脂的量,在无控之下,分泌得太多而已。
皮脂腺是人体保护系统中的一个重要的腺体,位于皮层附带于毛囊旁边,皮脂腺所分泌的油脂和汗腺所分泌的汗水,在皮肤表面结合后,形成了一道具有保护功能的弱酸性薄膜,能预防细菌的侵入;保持皮肤的湿润,以及使皮肤柔软光滑。
当进入青春期时,由于生长激素以及性荷尔蒙的大量需求,触动了皮脂腺的分泌功能。因此,大量而多余的油脂涌向皮肤表面,有的顺利地到达体表,有的却因“交通”的阻塞而停滞在半途中。这些遇阻的油脂,却因命运的安排,在不同的情境下,发展成不同的形式:
1黑头粉刺(Black-head)
油脂堵塞住了洞口,在还未来得及排出洞外之前,与跌落在毛孔中的空气污染、尘屑.残妆混合在一起,经与空气中的二氧化硫“硫化”的结果,形成了又黑又酸又硬的硬块,堵在毛孔的洞口,并且将它逐渐撑大。黑头粉刺多发在额头、鼻梁两侧和下巴。
2白头粉刺(white-head)
已剥落,正在剥落和尚未剥落的死角质细胞,群聚在毛孔之上和四周,让涌出的油脂无法顺利排出,堆挤的结果,在皮肤表面形成了像小米粒般大小的小白点。白头粉刺较容易出现在脸颊和下颚处。
3青春痘(Pimple)
有时,拥挤的毛孔再也承受不了这个饱和的压力,群聚在毛孔中的油脂、细菌、死细胞、尘屑,蓄势待发,准备破囊而出。这时,随时等待备战的血液循环,也运送了大量的白血球增援,因此,皮肤表面出现了充血、肿胀、疼痛的发炎反应。
4囊孢(cysts)
如果油脂、细菌、死细胞、尘屑的组合物,成群结党,转入地下,蓄意破坏时,这个坚强的团队,就在真皮层的结缔组织间,四处流窜,攻击尚未阻塞的皮脂腺,最终造成真皮层的感染,在皮肤表面形成红肿,结块的大面积炎症反应。
■你千万不可以做的事:
1不要常常洗脸 一天洗2次脸是你必须遵守的规则。常常洗脸,会反而刺激皮脂腺的分泌功能,因为一旦皮肤表面的油脂被洗净,皮脂腺就必须“加班”工作来进行他的天然保护功能,如此一来,皮脂腺会变得愈来愈毛燥,愈来愈活泼。
2不要用磨砂膏和收敛水 磨砂膏和收敛水会过度刺激表皮,恶化已在发炎的皮肤状况,同时也会激化皮脂腺的分泌功能,使情况更糟。此外,收敛水能使毛孔收缩,让原本已堵塞的毛孔洞口更小。
3千万别抠、挤、挑青春痘 每一个青春痘的生命周期,都仅有短短的3—4天,时辰到了,它自然会消失或化脓而出,如果用手或工具去挤压,非但于事无补,反而会因手上的细菌而造成二次感染,或因挤压的力道,造成皮下瘀血,留下必须4—6个星期才会消失的瘢痕。此外,因抠挤而造成的伤口,经一再的刺激、皮肤增生的结果,形成隆起的疤痕。
4千万别吸烟 香烟中的尼古丁会收缩微血管管壁,使血液和淋巴中的毒素堆积,皮肤细胞的复氧率降低,因而使皮肤的愈合能力减弱,易于形成痤疮伤口的交叉感染。
5少吃辛辣.油炸,高热量的食物 虽然,这些食物并不会直接造成青春痘的形成。但是却会“恶化”青春痘的状况,因为这些食物会增加心脏的负荷能力,并使血液中的维生素K的品质降低,间接诱发了青春痘的形成。
■有可能诱发青春痘的原因:
前面我们曾经说过,引致青春痘的原因,仅仅只是皮脂腺的分泌过多而已。照道理来说,在度过青春期之后.青春痘即应消失。但是事实上,仍然有近30%的人在青春期之后仍受青春痘所苦,他们极有可能是由以下的原因所造成:
①内分泌 内分泌失衡一直是诱发青春痘的重要元凶。如果青春痘的续发部位一直停留在下颚和两鬓.那应看看中医或西医,调理内分泌.是重要的治本工作。
②消化系统 消化系统的问题,如:便秘、习惯性腹泻、胃酸过多、溃疡等。会导致体内毒素堆积、废物无法正常排出,此时消化系统的反射部位——嘴周;令纹两侧,也会出现青春痘。
③紧张压力 刚搬新家、出国、换新工作、结婚、生子、考试等等生活中的具大压力,也会造成生理功能的失衡。
④生活方式 饮食习惯、睡眠品质、长期疲劳,烟酒过量,也是诱使青春痘驻足和复发的慢性原因,破坏力不容忽视。
⑤气候 季节变换时,温度骤然升高时,皮脂腺分泌的传导密码一时调节失灵,也会造成短发性的青春痘,如果处理得当,几天后便会消失。
⑧药物刺激 某些药物,如:口服避孕药、减肥药、催经药、或含有溴化物、碘化物的药品会刺激内分泌的失衡或引发毒素堆积形成所谓“毒性暗疮”。
⑦坏习惯 不注意头发、衣领的卫生;习惯于托腮抠脸;不彻底卸妆、洗脸,不搽防护日霜等,是诱发青春痘形成的外在因素,但却也是最常见的原因。
■你要做的事:
1找出诱发青春痘的原因,对症下药
惟有彻底改善复发诱因才能有效地控制青春痘的泛滥。因此,请根据前述列举的诱发原因,根本地解决改善。
2注意个人卫生
个人的卫生习惯,决定了青春痘在脸上停留的时间。如果青春痘长在下颚和嘴周,请不要穿有衣领的衣服,衣领是藏污纳垢的地方,极容易因和下颚的不断磨擦而使灾情加重。另外,常常保持将头发梳在耳后,和不留刘海的习惯,以免头发上的灰尘和油污恶化感染青春痘。
3保持枕巾、枕头套每周、甚至每天换洗的习惯
一般人不知道,其实枕头套,被单是最容易堆积死细胞、螨虫、灰尘、头皮屑等脏东西的地方,而且睡眠长时间接触脸部肌肤,更易使细菌滋生、繁衍。所以皮肤科医师大力推广,保持每日换洗枕巾的好习惯,尤其是青春痘情况严重的人,更要注意这一点。
4少用发胶、定型液,如果非用不可,请注意与脸部隔离
发胶、定型液中的固定剂成分,一旦喷到皮肤上,很容易造成毛孔的堵塞,油脂和污垢更不容易清洗干净。此外,保持每天洗头,维持头发的清洁,亦可以改善青春痘状况,并且预防感染。
5注意所选用的化妆品是否含油质的亲水性配方
有青春痘的朋友,有时适度的搽一些粉底,可以有相当程度的“遮瑕”美化效果,但在选用粉底和口红时,要注意避免油溶性的产品,以免恶化青春痘。目前专业性的彩妆品牌已研发出极适合油性皮肤使用的水粉霜,质地清爽、不含增加皮肤的油脂负担,最好的是,这一类的双用水粉霜,同时具有粉底和离粉的功能,不要再因扑用离粉而使疙瘩更明显。
6确实做好防晒措施
阳光中的紫外线,一旦经由青春痘的伤口,直射穿透表皮层,就会在伤口部位形成有如冰凿子般的黑色斑点,即使在青春痘消失以后,仍然留下像黑斑一样的灼伤痕迹。如果担心防晒霜太油,可以在搽完防晒霜之后,用面巾纸在脸上吸按一下,将多余的油吸掉。如此,既不会影响防晒霜的功能,又预防油脂的负担。
7使用具有控油净脂功能的护朕品
现代的化妆品科技,已体贴入微地关心油性肌肤真正的问题所在。以往的油性肌肤护肤品,大多数只能治标地洗掉脸上过多的油脂,但自去年夏天上市的油性肌肤护肤品,也强调“控油”、“净脂”的功能,即利用生化或植物成分,深入皮肤里层。控制皮脂腺的分泌机能,并在皮肤表面“吸油”,将油脂转化,同时收缩毛孔,使油脂分泌量降低。
8在青春痘发作发炎时,耐心等候
要控制自己不去挤抠青春痘,确实不是一件容易的事,你可以买一管具有强力消炎、化痘功能的青春凝胶,在青春痘未发或已发之时,用棉签沾着青春凝胶点在青春痘上。如此,可以帮助青春痘的干化,加速终结它的生命。但是请注意:青春凝胶只可以点在青春痘上,不要整片抹在脸上,以免过于刺激未发炎的皮肤,反而引致红肿。
9多摄取维生素含量多的蔬棠,水果,保证充足睡眠和正常的饮食习惯
10愉快的心境是治愈青春痘的良方
别以为天下只有你一个人长青春痘,记住,青春痘只是生命中的插曲,很快便会过去了,只要你正确地对付它,别让它干扰你的情绪,你会发现,它脆弱得不堪一击!
■青春痘易发人群
30岁以后的人极少发生,故又称青春痘或青春蕾。 哪些人易生此病呢?遇有下列情况中的一项即有可能出现青春痘。
1、正值青春期发育的人;
2、油性皮肤严重的人;
3、长得瘦黑且男性化的人;
4、喜吃甜食的人;
5、经常熬夜的人;
6、因为工作性质和环境条件而经常与油接触的人(如加油站、烹调等)。
青春痘的发生与皮脂有关。皮脂腺开口在毛囊,若皮脂腺分泌皮脂过多,加上毛囊受 到外来的各种刺激和内分泌激素的影响而出现角化,使皮脂积聚在毛囊内,便形成了一个 个小面疱。这个过程通常需要三个月左右。如果细菌在面疱中生长和繁殖,则会引起感染、化浓而形成大面疱,严重时还会使脸部留下疤痕。青春痘有何简单而速效的方法呢?有的,现介绍如下:
●3分钟洁面法:正确的洗脸是治疗青春痘最基本的方法。
★1、先准备一条干净柔软的干毛巾和刺激性小的中性肥皂;
★2、把香水在温水(22-23度)中揉搓起泡,泡沫越多越好。用双手把泡沫捧起来洗脸, 洗1分钟。不要太用力,如果觉得疼痛就停止。
★3、接着用热水(38-40度)清洗20秒钟,再换温水淋洗20秒,如此反复三遍。粲昧浴器更好,脸距喷头约一拳远,一边喷淋面部(用热水),一边用手指肚轻轻敲打面部。 再把水调温喷淋20秒。
★4、用干毛巾先把脸上的水擦净,再轻轻地压脸吸水。
★5、最后涂上具有收敛作用的化妆水,涂后觉得有绷紧感,则可多涂几次。
本法必须早晚各一次。对早、中、晚期青春痘都有明显效果。以下几个洗脸法是本法的扩展和延续。
●纱布洗脸法:在应用3分钟洁面法1个月后,无论青春痘减少与否,都可转入本法,这 属于中级洗脸术。
1、准备一条毛巾,香皂和一块纱布;
2、先将纱布折成一小块,蘸上香皂泡沫,洗额头、下巴、鼻子等处;
3、再把纱布缠在食指和中指两指头上,蘸上香皂泡沫,用纱布轻轻洗两颊中心部和整个面部;
4、最后将纱布绕在食指上,蘸上香皂泡沫轻轻地擦洗眼睑下柔细的皮肤,如果觉得有刺激或疼痛就停止。若第二天还觉得疼痛,那是擦洗太用力的缘故。此时至少要实行4天的“紧急洗脸法”等不疼后再用3分钟洁面法去洗脸。
5、中级洗脸法第一周每隔两天洗一次,第二周隔一天洗一次,第三周每天洗一次。
●高级洗脸法:中级洗脸法进行一个月后,若有效果可转入本法。
1、准备香皂、毛巾和一幅棉布白手套(质地薄的好),并把渲幸恢皇痔椎闹兄浮⑹指和无名指处剪下来,形成三个指套;
2、先手完好的手套蘸上香皂泡沫轻柔地擦洗整个脸部。皮肤细腻的人可在食指和中指戴上指套,蘸上泡沫清洗整个面部;
3、然后食指、中指和无名指都戴上指套,沾上香皂泡沫轻轻擦洗两颊、额头和下巴;
4、脱下指套,仅食指保留指套,蘸上泡沫轻轻擦洗眼睑下柔细的皮肤,最后清水洗净, 用毛巾擦干。
●超级洗脸法:前三种方法应用后若青春痘依然存在,则可用此法。对青春痘已经形成 疤痕的人更为适用。
1、准备香皂、毛巾和一把轻柔型的儿童用牙刷;
2、将香皂在手心上搓起泡沫并用牙刷沾取少许;
3、用沾上泡沫的牙刷轻轻地擦洗额头、下巴等纹理较粗的地方;然后用清水洗去脸上的泡沫,最后用清洁的干毛巾擦干脸上的水分。
●紧急洗脸法:此法不但对青春痘,而且脸上皱纹较多者也可应用。一般而言,青春痘者 的皮肤都是油性的,如果过分使用了脱脂香皂,则会使皮肤干燥,很难过。此时,就用本法来处理。
1、将香皂用温水在手掌中搓起泡沫,再把泡沫小心地放入盛有温水的脸盆中,轻轻地搅和形成旋涡;
2、等盆中的水即将停止旋转时,把脸浸入,让自然流动的泡沫冲洗脸部,如此20秒钟。 然后把脸浸入另一个装有干净温水的脸盆中,把泡沫浸净,又20秒钟。如此连续三次,每次都 要换水和换泡沫;
3、到第三次清水洗净时,可在脸盆的温水中加几滴润肤油,再浸泡20秒钟;
4、最后反复用毛巾擦干或压吸脸上的水分。
IPSA 海洋矿物洁面皂
这是一款特别漂亮的洁面皂
痘痘肌特别适用
独特添加的“海泥”成分
在吸附皮脂和毛孔污垢的同时
能锁住滋润,并能配合肌肤状态和季节
调节水油平衡
洗后肌肤舒畅光滑
欧缇丽葡萄洁面慕斯
这是一款泡沫状的洁面,挤出来就是泡沫
超级绵密的泡沫,真的跟慕斯一样
泡沫的手感真的很不错
清洁力很棒的,但是又温和
用作晨间洁面和夜间均可
雪花秀顺行洁面
流动性不错,挺温和的,敏感肌可以用
雪花秀的味道真的让人觉得特别安心
洗面奶的质地比较稀
但只需一点点就可以揉出丰富细腻的泡沫
轻轻按摩肌肤还能去除肌肤老旧角质层
sk2氨基酸洁面
这是一款不含皂基的洁面,属于氨基酸洁面
适合痘皮敏感皮,低刺激
虽然是极温和保湿的一款洁面但是清洁度高
味道清淡怡人,使用感佳
保湿效果不错,但是感觉不是特别容易冲洗干净
娇韵诗平衡泡沫洁面
这是一款有磨砂颗粒的洁面
一般含有颗粒的洁面,敏感肌都要慎重考虑一下
清洁力强,但洗完后不会觉得干
反而会觉得干净透气同时皮肤也变柔软
特别容易敏感的妹子不推荐
cpb洁面泡沫(滋润型)
有颗粒感,角质层薄慎重
洗完不会假滑,就是一种毛孔都舒畅了的感觉
洗后清爽不干燥也不黏腻
虽然含皂基,泡沫很丰富,感觉洗的很干净
嘉娜宝洁颜粉
据说是酵素,清洁力很强,敏感肌慎重
需要搭配起泡网
去黑头、去角质真的有效
能去掉多余角质、油脂粒,黑头也有减少
适用于所有肌肤类型
细腻的泡沫温柔的洗净皮肤
是一款让肌肤柔软的洁颜粉
haba洗面奶
无添加的洁面
干性敏感肌,孕妇也可以使用
温和无刺激,洗完很滋润,不会干
含有蚕丝精华,鲨烷,可以打出奶油般的泡沫
上脸没有摩擦感,洗后干净不紧绷
pola黑ba系列洗面奶
奢华绵密的泡沫,即刻清洁深层污垢和多余油脂
在肌肤表面行程肌肤保水膜
柔滑细腻,软化角质层
将肌肤导向更好吸收化妆水的状态
使后续有效成分高效渗透
积极抗糖化效果终极洁面
如果你在未来的核心目标是塑造品牌,打造一个具有特色的品牌,想在初期将你想要表达的匠心内涵放大宣传,那么你有必要请专业的领域内宣传推广方面的专家团队来为你量身定做一套具有可行性的市场计划。
如果你的技术产品都没有问题,为什么不去调研一下对方的经营模式、营销策略、推广渠道、优惠活动呢?业内老伙计经过五年十年的摸爬滚打,早已熟悉市场和受众?
理论层面,好的推广,前期一般包括以下工作:
1品牌定位包括你的品牌核心理念、核心价值观、核心技术产品,以及最重要的核心受众群,针对你的受众需求,来塑造能够令他们喜爱的品牌文化,从精神层面吸引他们,聚拢他们,最后用你的技术产品留住他们,并让他们成为你的二次宣传渠道,主动为你们做推广。2市场调研这是至关重要的一步!研究你所针对的市场目前的情势,尤其是你的核心竞争对手。不要认为别人技术比不上你就没资格和你竞争,凡是和你同行业的都是你的竞争对手,凡是比你盈利或和你盈利不相上下甚至目前落后但潜力巨大的同行都是你要挑战的对手
市场推广有以下几点建议:
1、找准自己的定位。是高端一点的还是平民大众化的?
2、本地化的内容分发平台,公众号这种,多寻求合作。
3、与点评这种本地化的O2O服务平台合作。
4、充分了解会去做美容的消费心理,他们要的是什么呢?对于我这个,我对美容的认知和需求要求高。
5、抓回头客,通过服务、续券等方式争取二次消费。
其实适合新手做的推广方法还有很多,希望大家能够把我们以上所说的方法进行总结,从我们以上的方法中添加或者减少一些技巧,从而形成一个最适合你的推广方式。
新品牌化妆品品牌推广
韩束墨菊 真的能收缩毛孔吗?用过的告诉一下
墨菊是补水产品,能改善肌肤出油问题。肌肤不油了,自然就收缩毛孔了。
imxiaoxi10086真的能收缩毛孔吗?抹茶蛋黄蜂蜜收毛孔祛黑头面膜
材料:抹茶1小匙,蛋黄1个,面粉15大匙,蜂蜜少许
制作方法:在面粉中加入蛋黄搅拌后,再加入绿茶粉混合
注∶绿茶粉颗粒是真抹茶的10~50倍,虽然不能倍皮肤直接吸收,但是其杀菌消毒作用接近抹茶,毛孔粗大用精油改善相对较快,如精油,还有就是坚持用紧肤水和护肤品,同时服用胶原蛋白,也会有缩小毛孔的作用。
冰敷能收缩毛孔真的吗不能把,
还是做好平时的清洁工作,别让毛孔被堵塞就好了
有条件的兰夫韵修护一下毛孔
在注意定期去角质
不用过于油性的产品在脸上
用名谷幽草杜鹃花收缩毛孔精华液就真的能收缩毛孔吗这个是有个时间段,并不是说用完一次毛孔立马变小了,得慢慢有个恢复期,相对于收缩毛孔的,这个还是比较好的,建议可以试试。
用啤酒敷面真的能收缩毛孔吗爱美的女性不妨用黑啤做个美容吧。黑啤主要能给皮肤保湿、提供养分和收缩毛孔。这是因为,黑啤含有一些活性酶以及氨基酸、维生素等营养成分,但与其他啤酒相比,其酒花含量更多,更具滋补效用。一方面能够分解皮肤的油脂和角质,从而起到收缩毛孔的作用;另一方面,啤酒中富含的营养素可以滋养皮肤,并在皮肤表层形成一层黏黏的“保护膜”,减少水分的流失。
我们还可自制黑啤燕麦面膜,将适量燕麦倒入黑啤中,黏稠度以自己感到舒适为宜,把燕麦和黑啤充分调匀。然后直接涂抹在面部、脖颈、手部等,15分钟左右就可清洗。在黑啤中添加了能够深度清洁皮肤的燕麦,更有利于清除毛孔中的污垢,起到收敛毛孔和控油的作用。
需要注意的是,用黑啤护肤后千万要洗净,皮肤过敏的女性慎用。
化妆水真的能收缩毛孔吗?
你好!不管是一般彩妆品还是用来修饰毛孔的底妆产品,都必须加强卸妆及洗脸的步骤。这些产品可能会有用较细的粉末将毛孔遮盖住,或是利用光线反射的原理让毛孔看起来较小,只要有使用,就必须彻底卸洗干净,否则长期下来就会阻塞脏东西在毛孔中
绿茶粉真的能收缩毛孔粗大吗?请用过的MM给点意见毛孔问题不是单一问题,需要多种方法共同解决。可以搜索一下《收缩毛孔六板斧》这篇文章,从清洁、控油到去黑头、去痘、收缩毛孔都说得很全的,相信对你一定有所帮助的。
the body shop 的海藻收缩毛孔精华怎样 用过的Mm 说一下这个牌子的海藻精华还可以,比较湿润,~但是我个人觉得贝玲妃有款收缩毛孔的比较好用。
还有海藻的面膜也有收缩毛孔的功效,效果也挺不错。
胶原蛋白真的能收缩毛孔吗胶原蛋白是有你说的改变皮肤,收缩毛孔的功用,但胶原蛋白分口服的和外用的,但是由于胶原蛋白的分子量比较大,皮肤是无法吸收的,说以外敷的胶原蛋白产品基本都是宣传的噱头,没有实效,现在很流行口服的胶原蛋白
cpb的水磨精华真的能收缩毛孔吗从客观原理上毛孔一旦被撑大是不太可能会收缩了,在护肤界唯一被承认能收缩毛孔的就是医美手段,但是也有一些产品可以通过一些其他手段来达到暂时性的毛孔变小,例如去除角质,我觉得CPB可能也用了什么黑科技达到此类效果,只能说坚持用吧,别停下。
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