04年的豪爵铃木太子款gz125。里程表显示 2万多公里。车主要价4000贵吗？多少钱合适？外观看着不错

汽车维修、调养、养护专业英语辞汇汽车维护Vehicle maintenance汽车补缀Vehicle repair汽车维修制度System of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车维修性Maintainability of vehicle汽车技能环境Technical Condition of Vehicle汽车完备技能环境Good condition of vehicle汽车不良环境Bad condition of vehicle汽车工作才略Working ability of vehicle汽车技能环境参数Parameters for technical condition of vehicle汽车极限技能环境Limiting condition of vehicle汽车技能环境变卦规律Regularity for change of technical condition of vehicle运行弊端Operational defect制做弊端Manufacturing defect治理弊端Design defect事变性弊端Accidental defect汽车花消Vehicle wear-out汽车零件磨损Wear of vehicle part磨损进程Wear process正常磨损Normal wear极限磨损Limiting wear核准磨损Permissible wear磨损率Wear rate机器磨损Mechanical wear化学花消Chemical wear热磨损Thermic wear疲倦磨损Fatigue wear腐蚀性磨损Corrosion wear阻碍磨损Failure wear阻碍Malfunctioning断裂Breakdown松弛Damage更换（零件）Replacing擦伤Scratching刮伤Scoring点蚀Pitting粘附Adhesion咬粘Seizure烧伤Burning穴蚀Cavitation老化Aging疲倦 Fatigue 变形Deformation弊端Defect汽车阻碍Vehicle failure完全阻碍Complete failure一小部分阻碍Partial failure致命阻碍Critical failure严重阻碍Major failure通常阻碍Minor failure汽车阻碍景象Symptom of vehicle failure抢气Mixture robbery呛油Fuel fouling盘车Turning飞车Run way工作粗暴Rough running早燃Preignition回火Back fire自燃景象Dieseling (after run)爆震（爆燃）Detonation火花（点火）爆燃Spark knock燃料爆燃Fuel knock (gas knock)不活气（不点火）Misfiring调速不匀Hunting过分进展Flat spot调速器工作不匀Governor hunting回流Backflow窜气Blow-by浓缩Dilution滤清器壅闭Clogged filter润滑超量Overlubrication（气缸）上油Oil pumping（柴油放射系）渗漏滴油After dripping（燃料系）气阻Vapor lock结胶Gum deposit敲缸Knock拉缸Cylinder score咬缸Cylinder sticking轴颈擦伤Journal score刮伤Scuff拉瓦Bearing score（化油器）汽湿景象Percolation化油器结冰Carburetor icing活塞敲缸Piston knock (piston slap)活塞裙部挤扁Collapse of piston skirt气门挺杆发响Tappet noise (valve knock)气门弹簧哆嗦Valve spring surge（蓄电池）硫化Sulphation（蓄电池）过分放电Over discharge（火花塞）铅沉积Lead fouling（火花塞）积碳Carbon fouling真空提前收效Defective vacuum advance高压线跳火混乱Secondary wire crossfiring转向反冲Steering kickback离合器炸裂Clutch explosion制动踏板发软Spongy brake pedal制动踏板费劲Hard pedal制动器发响Noisy brake制动踏板过低Low brake pedal制动盘摇摆Disc runout制动收效Brake fade减振器收效Defective shock absorber轮胎烧耗Burn rubber轮胎急速磨耗Peel rubber漂滑效应Hydro-planning (aqua-planning)（因为告急制动）告急滑行Impending skid充气缺乏Under-inflation异响Abnormal knocking泄露Leakage过热Overheat失控Out of control乏力Lack of power污染超限Illegal exhaust and noise费油Excessive consumption of fuel and oil振抖Fluttering阻碍率Failure rate均匀阻碍率的考察值Observed mean failure rate阻碍树型解析法Fault tree analysis汽车维护种别Class of vehicle maintenance定期维护Periodic maintenance节令性维护Seasonal maintenance技能调养Technical service荡涤Washing技能查抄Check-up调养周期Service cycle调养里程Mileage between services每日调养Daily service防护Preserving寒冷的节令调养Winter check-up夏季调养Su妹妹er check-up走合维护Running-in maintenance汽车补缀种别Class of vehicle repair汽车大修Major repair of vehicle汽车中修Medium repair of vehicle汽车小修Current repair of vehicle总成补缀Unit repair零件补缀Parts repair办理补缀Scheduled repair定期补缀Regulating repair视情补缀Repair on technical condition非办理补缀Unscheduled repair修复Reconditioning补缀里程Mileage between repair拆开Separating拆下Withdrawing拆卸Disas搜索引擎营销bling校对Aligning装配Fitting从新装配Reas搜索引擎营销bling调解Adjusting径自补缀Individual repair汽车报废Motor vehicle liquidation报废Scrapping汽车维护功底Technology of Vehicle Maintenance汽车维护作业Operation of vehicle maintenance汽车维护功底进程Technological process of vehicle maintenance汽车补缀功底Technology of vehicle repair汽车补缀功底进程Technological process of vehicle repair技能检验Technical checking检视Inspection 零件检验分类Inspection and classification of parts走合，磨合Running-in冷磨合Cold running-in热磨合Hot running-in补缀尺寸Repair size走（磨）合期Running-in period走（磨）合进程Running-in process走（磨）合工况Running-in conditions加速磨损期Period of accelerated wear极限间隙Limiting clearance核准间隙Permissible clearance装配间隙As搜索引擎营销bling clearance汽车维修功底装备Technological equipment of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车补缀技能尺度Technical standard of vehicle repair汽车诊断 Vehicle diagnosis汽车检测Detecting test of vehicle诊断参数Diagnostic parameters诊断尺度Diagnostic norms汽车维修办理Administration of Vehicle Maintenance汽车维护方式Method of vehicle maintenance汽车维护流水作业法Flow method of vehicle maintenance汽车维护定位作业法Method of vehicle maintenance on universal post汽车补缀方式Method of vehicle repair汽车补缀流水作业法Flow method of vehicle repair汽车补缀定位作业法Method of vehicle repair on universal post总成换取补缀法Unit exchange repairing method周转总成Reversible unit混装补缀法Depersonalized repair method就车补缀法Personalized repair method汽车维修指标Indices of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车维护生产纲领Production program of vehicle maintenance汽车补缀生产大纲Production program of vehicle repair汽车维修周期Period of vehicle maintenance汽车诊断周期Period of vehicle diagnosis汽车维修完工辆次Number of vehicle being received from maintenance or repair汽车大修均匀在厂车日Average days in plant during major of vehicles汽车大修均匀在修车日Average days during major repair of vehicles汽车大修均匀工时Average man-hours of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车维修均匀用度Average costs of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车大修返修率Returning rate of major repair of vehicle汽车小修频次Frequency of current repair of vehicles汽车大修间隔里程Average interval mileage of major repair of vehicles汽车补缀工人什物劳动生产率Labour productivity of repair-man汽车维护企业Enterprise of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车维护场（站）Maintenance depot (station) of vehicles汽车停车场（库）Park汽车补缀厂Vehicle repair plant汽车总成补缀厂Unit repair plant for vehicle汽车诊断站Vehicle diagnosis station汽车检测站Detecting test station of vehicle汽车维修网点Network of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车维修工具与装备Instrument and Device for Vehicle Maintenance and Repair螺丝刀Screwdriver花扳手Ring spanner锉刀File双头扳手Double-ended spanner鲤鱼钳Combination pilers轮胎螺栓扳手Wheel wrench厚度规Feeler gauge杆式气缸量规Bar-type cylinder gauge气缸压力表Cylinder compressor gauge活塞台钳Piston vice活塞加热器Piston heater活塞环工具Piston ring tool活塞环钳（活塞环拆装钳）Piston ring pliers (piston ring tongs)压环器Piston ring compressor活塞环锉Piston ring file活塞销拉器Piston-pin extractor连杆校对器Connecting rod alignment fixture气门座刀具Valve seat cutter气门弹簧压缩器Valve spring compressor气门研磨工具Valve grinding tool (valve lapper)调解气门间隙扳手Tappet wrench浮子室液面仪Float level gauge歧管压力表Manifold pressure gauge set点火正时灯（正时观察灯）Ignition timing light (stroboscope)燃烧解析仪Combustion tester断电器触点闭合角Dwell meter火花塞间隙量规Plug gap gauge火花塞套筒扳手Spark plug box (socket) spanner蓄电池液体比重计Battery hydrometer汽车架Car stand (jack stand)轮轴架Axle stand前束量尺Toe-in gauge外倾丈量器Camber gauge制动踏板压下器Brake depressor制动器放气软管Hose for brake bleeding车架量规Frame gauge轮毂拆卸器Hub puller车轮拆卸器Wheel wrench拆装轮胎用撬杠Tire-lever打气筒Tire pump螺旋千斤顶Screw jack轮胎压力计Pressure gauge油壶Oil can手油泵Manual fuel pump黄油枪Grease gun起强项把Starting crank工具袋Tool bag车身修整工具Body bumping tool提议机测功机Engine dynamometer提议机阐发实行机Engine analyzer提议机示波器Engine scope (oscillograph)电子诊断式提议机实行仪Electronic-diagnostic engine tester滚筒式测功实行台Roller type dynamometer (test bed)提议机加速测功仪Free acceleration engine tester容积式油耗计Volumetric fuel meter红外线废气解析仪Infrared rays exhaust gas analyzer异响诊断仪Abnormal engine noise diagnosis equipment气缸漏气率检验仪Cylinder leak tester提议机解析仪Engine analysis apparatus进气歧管真空度表Intake manifold vacuum meter气缸压力表Cylinder pressure gauge调解用的实行检测仪Tune-up tester底盘测功机Chassis dynamometer底盘润滑机Chassis lubricator曲轴箱窜宇量测定仪Blow-by meter副劝化力制动实行台Reaction type brake tester惯性式制动实行台Inertia type brake tester转向盘间隙丈量仪Steering wheel freeplay gauge测滑实行台Side-slip checking stand前照灯检验仪Head light checking equipment气缸孔垂直检验仪Cylinder perpendicularity gauge主轴承座孔同轴度检验仪Main bearing aligning gauge挪动式车轮均衡机Portable wheel balancer固定式车轮均衡机Wheel balancer车轮动均衡机Dynamic wheel balancer镗缸机Cylinder boring machine气缸珩磨机Cylinder honing machine直线镗削机Line borer气门修整机Valve reseater（活塞）销孔珩磨机Pinhole honer曲轴磨床Crankshaft grinding machine气门研磨机Valve grinding machine气门面磨光机Valve refacer气门座磨光机Valve seat grinder气门座偏心磨光机Eccentric valve seat grinder研磨机Lapping machine电子点火实行器Electronic ignition tester点前方圈实行器Ignition coil tester氖管火花实行器Neon spark tester电容器实行器Condenser tester电枢实行器Armature tester制动盘专一使用车床Disc lathe制动蹄片磨削装置Brake shoe grinder制动鼓车床Brake drum lathe制动液积极更换装置Brake flusher（液压）制动系空气打扫器Brake bleeder；

汽车维修、保养、养护专业英语词汇

汽车维护Vehicle maintenance

汽车修理Vehicle repair

汽车维修制度System of vehicle maintenance and repair

汽车维修性Maintainability of vehicle

汽车技术状况Technical Condition of Vehicle

汽车完好技术状况Good condition of vehicle

汽车不良状况Bad condition of vehicle

汽车工作能力Working ability of vehicle

汽车技术状况参数Parameters for technical condition of vehicle

汽车极限技术状况Limiting condition of vehicle

汽车技术状况变化规律Regularity for change of technical condition of vehicle

运行缺陷Operational defect

制造缺陷Manufacturing defect

设计缺陷Design defect

事故性缺陷Accidental defect

汽车耗损Vehicle wear-out

汽车零件磨损Wear of vehicle part

磨损过程Wear process

正常磨损Normal wear

极限磨损Limiting wear

允许磨损Permissible wear

磨损率Wear rate

机械磨损Mechanical wear

化学损耗Chemical wear

热磨损Thermic wear

疲劳磨损Fatigue wear

腐蚀性磨损Corrosion wear

故障磨损Failure wear

故障Malfunctioning

断裂Breakdown

损坏Damage

更换（零件）Replacing

擦伤Scratching

刮伤Scoring

点蚀Pitting

粘附Adhesion

咬粘Seizure

烧伤Burning

穴蚀Cavitation

老化Aging

疲劳 Fatigue

变形Deformation

缺陷Defect

汽车故障Vehicle failure

完全故障Complete failure

局部故障Partial failure

致命故障Critical failure

严重故障Major failure

一般故障Minor failure

汽车故障现象Symptom of vehicle failure

抢气Mixture robbery

呛油Fuel fouling

盘车Turning

飞车Run way

工作粗暴Rough running

早燃Preignition

回火Back fire

自燃现象Dieseling (after run)

爆震（爆燃）Detonation

火花（点火）爆燃Spark knock

燃料爆燃Fuel knock (gas knock)

不发火（不点火）Misfiring

调速不匀Hunting

过度停顿Flat spot

调速器工作不匀Governor hunting

回流Backflow

窜气Blow-by

稀释Dilution

滤清器阻塞Clogged filter

润滑超量Overlubrication

（气缸）上油Oil pumping

（柴油喷射系）渗漏滴油After dripping

（燃料系）气阻Vapor lock

结胶Gum deposit

敲缸Knock

拉缸Cylinder score

咬缸Cylinder sticking

轴颈擦伤Journal score

刮伤Scuff

拉瓦Bearing score

（化油器）汽湿现象Percolation

化油器结冰Carburetor icing

活塞敲缸Piston knock (piston slap)

活塞裙部挤扁Collapse of piston skirt

气门挺杆发响Tappet noise (valve knock)

气门弹簧颤动Valve spring surge

（蓄电池）硫化Sulphation

（蓄电池）过度放电Over discharge

（火花塞）铅沉积Lead fouling

（火花塞）积碳Carbon fouling

真空提前失效Defective vacuum advance

高压线跳火错乱Secondary wire crossfiring

转向反冲Steering kickback

离合器炸裂Clutch explosion

制动踏板发软Spongy brake pedal

制动踏板费力Hard pedal

制动器发响Noisy brake

制动踏板过低Low brake pedal

制动盘摆动Disc runout

制动失效Brake fade

减振器失效Defective shock absorber

轮胎烧耗Burn rubber

轮胎急速磨耗Peel rubber

漂滑效应Hydro-planning (aqua-planning)

（由于紧急制动）紧急滑行Impending skid

充气不足Under-inflation

异响Abnormal knocking

泄漏Leakage

过热Overheat

失控Out of control

乏力Lack of power

污染超限Illegal exhaust and noise

费油Excessive consumption of fuel and oil

振抖Fluttering

故障率Failure rate

平均故障率的观察值Observed mean failure rate

故障树型分析法Fault tree analysis

汽车维护类别Class of vehicle maintenance

定期维护Periodic maintenance

季节性维护Seasonal maintenance

技术保养Technical service

清洗Washing

技术检查Check-up

保养周期Service cycle

保养里程Mileage between services

每日保养Daily service

防护Preserving

冬季保养Winter check-up

夏季保养Summer check-up

走合维护Running-in maintenance

汽车修理类别Class of vehicle repair

汽车大修Major repair of vehicle

汽车中修Medium repair of vehicle

汽车小修Current repair of vehicle

总成修理Unit repair

零件修理Parts repair

计划修理Scheduled repair

定期修理Regulating repair

视情修理Repair on technical condition

非计划修理Unscheduled repair

修复Reconditioning

修理里程Mileage between repair

拆开Separating

拆下Withdrawing

拆卸Disassembling

校正Aligning

装配Fitting

重新装配Reassembling

调整Adjusting

单独修理Individual repair

汽车报废Motor vehicle liquidation

报废Scrapping

汽车维护工艺Technology of Vehicle Maintenance

汽车维护作业Operation of vehicle maintenance

汽车维护工艺过程Technological process of vehicle maintenance

汽车修理工艺Technology of vehicle repair

汽车修理工艺过程Technological process of vehicle repair

技术检验Technical checking

检视Inspection

零件检验分类Inspection and classification of parts

走合，磨合Running-in

冷磨合Cold running-in

热磨合Hot running-in

修理尺寸Repair size

走（磨）合期Running-in period

走（磨）合过程Running-in process

走（磨）合工况Running-in conditions

加速磨损期Period of accelerated wear

极限间隙Limiting clearance

允许间隙Permissible clearance

装配间隙Assembling clearance

汽车维修工艺设备Technological equipment of vehicle maintenance and repair

汽车修理技术标准Technical standard of vehicle repair

汽车诊断 Vehicle diagnosis

汽车检测Detecting test of vehicle

诊断参数Diagnostic parameters

诊断规范Diagnostic norms

汽车维修管理Administration of Vehicle Maintenance

汽车维护方法Method of vehicle maintenance

汽车维护流水作业法Flow method of vehicle maintenance

汽车维护定位作业法Method of vehicle maintenance on universal post

汽车修理方法Method of vehicle repair

汽车修理流水作业法Flow method of vehicle repair

汽车修理定位作业法Method of vehicle repair on universal post

总成互换修理法Unit exchange repairing method

周转总成Reversible unit

混装修理法Depersonalized repair method

就车修理法Personalized repair method

汽车维修指标Indices of vehicle maintenance and repair

汽车维护生产纲领Production program of vehicle maintenance

汽车修理生产纲要Production program of vehicle repair

汽车维修周期Period of vehicle maintenance

汽车诊断周期Period of vehicle diagnosis

汽车维修竣工辆次Number of vehicle being received from maintenance or repair

汽车大修平均在厂车日Average days in plant during major of vehicles

汽车大修平均在修车日Average days during major repair of vehicles

汽车大修平均工时Average man-hours of vehicle maintenance and repair

汽车维修平均费用Average costs of vehicle maintenance and repair

汽车大修返修率Returning rate of major repair of vehicle

汽车小修频率Frequency of current repair of vehicles

汽车大修间隔里程Average interval mileage of major repair of vehicles

汽车修理工人实物劳动生产率Labour productivity of repair-man

汽车维护企业Enterprise of vehicle maintenance and repair

汽车维护场（站）Maintenance depot (station) of vehicles

汽车停车场（库）Park

汽车修理厂Vehicle repair plant

汽车总成修理厂Unit repair plant for vehicle

汽车诊断站Vehicle diagnosis station

汽车检测站Detecting test station of vehicle

汽车维修网点Network of vehicle maintenance and repair

汽车维修工具和设备Instrument and Device for Vehicle Maintenance and Repair

螺丝刀Screwdriver

花扳手Ring spanner

锉刀File

双头扳手Double-ended spanner

鲤鱼钳Combination pilers

轮胎螺栓扳手Wheel wrench

厚度规Feeler gauge

杆式气缸量规Bar-type cylinder gauge

气缸压力表Cylinder compressor gauge

活塞台钳Piston vice

活塞加热器Piston heater

活塞环工具Piston ring tool

活塞环钳（活塞环拆装钳）Piston ring pliers (piston ring tongs)

压环器Piston ring compressor

活塞环锉Piston ring file

活塞销拉器Piston-pin extractor

连杆校正器Connecting rod alignment fixture

气门座刀具Valve seat cutter

气门弹簧压缩器Valve spring compressor

气门研磨工具Valve grinding tool (valve lapper)

调整气门间隙扳手Tappet wrench

浮子室液面仪Float level gauge

歧管压力表Manifold pressure gauge set

点火正时灯（正时观测灯）Ignition timing light (stroboscope)

燃烧分析仪Combustion tester

断电器触点闭合角Dwell meter

火花塞间隙量规Plug gap gauge

火花塞套筒扳手Spark plug box (socket) spanner

蓄电池液体比重计Battery hydrometer

汽车架Car stand (jack stand)

轮轴架Axle stand

前束量尺Toe-in gauge

外倾测量器Camber gauge

制动踏板压下器Brake depressor

制动器放气软管Hose for brake bleeding

车架量规Frame gauge

轮毂拆卸器Hub puller

车轮拆卸器Wheel wrench

拆装轮胎用撬杠Tire-lever

打气筒Tire pump

螺旋千斤顶Screw jack

轮胎压力计Pressure gauge

油壶Oil can

手油泵Manual fuel pump

黄油枪Grease gun

起动摇把Starting crank

工具袋Tool bag

车身修整工具Body bumping tool

发动机测功机Engine dynamometer

发动机综合试验机Engine analyzer

发动机示波器Engine scope (oscillograph)

电子诊断式发动机试验仪Electronic-diagnostic engine tester

滚筒式测功试验台Roller type dynamometer (test bed)

发动机加速测功仪Free acceleration engine tester

容积式油耗计Volumetric fuel meter

红外线废气分析仪Infrared rays exhaust gas analyzer

异响诊断仪Abnormal engine noise diagnosis equipment

气缸漏气率检验仪Cylinder leak tester

发动机分析仪Engine analysis apparatus

进气歧管真空度表Intake manifold vacuum meter

气缸压力表Cylinder pressure gauge

调整用的试验检测仪Tune-up tester

底盘测功机Chassis dynamometer

底盘润滑机Chassis lubricator

曲轴箱窜气量测定仪Blow-by meter

反作用力制动试验台Reaction type brake tester

惯性式制动试验台Inertia type brake tester

转向盘间隙测量仪Steering wheel freeplay gauge

测滑试验台Side-slip checking stand

前照灯检验仪Head light checking equipment

气缸孔垂直检验仪Cylinder perpendicularity gauge

主轴承座孔同轴度检验仪Main bearing aligning gauge

移动式车轮平衡机Portable wheel balancer

固定式车轮平衡机Wheel balancer

车轮动平衡机Dynamic wheel balancer

镗缸机Cylinder boring machine

气缸珩磨机Cylinder honing machine

直线镗削机Line borer

气门修整机Valve reseater

（活塞）销孔珩磨机Pinhole honer

曲轴磨床Crankshaft grinding machine

气门研磨机Valve grinding machine

气门面磨光机Valve refacer

气门座磨光机Valve seat grinder

气门座偏心磨光机Eccentric valve seat grinder

研磨机Lapping machine

电子点火试验器Electronic ignition tester

点火线圈试验器Ignition coil tester

氖管火花试验器Neon spark tester

电容器试验器Condenser tester

电枢试验器Armature tester

制动盘专用车床Disc lathe

制动蹄片磨削装置Brake shoe grinder

制动鼓车床Brake drum lathe

制动液自动更换装置Brake flusher

（液压）制动系空气排除器Brake bleeder

    长文预警，算是近几年来用过的护肤品一个扼要批评，内里包括喜好的不喜好的，盼望对你有资助。

    先说下我的肤质：殽杂性油皮，额头、鼻子非常油腻，嘴唇干，两颊比较干燥、缺水。着实油皮是缺水的表现，皮肤由于干燥，才会主动分泌大量油脂去自我掩护。12岁开始长遗传性的芳华痘，一度非常紧张，最开始是额头长，渐渐生长到面部两颊、下巴和颈部偶然也会出痘，背面也长痘，大部分是有白头的粉刺，偶然偶尔会长闭合性的大红痘。如今26岁，痘痘根本消散，偶然偶尔长也是内分泌失调时下巴会冒两颗。关于痘痘题目简言之，长痘绝大部分来自内因（我的内因是湿热型体质），用任何祛痘的护肤品都是只能治标，最多是对痘痘的一种克制和粉饰笼罩。护肤品对战痘起到的最紧张作用是干净和补水。但治本的话必须通过起居、熬炼、心态、饮食等方面来举行。以后偶然间会别的写一篇有关痘痘调理的。

    好回反正题：

    面霜篇

    1倩碧黄油Cliniquedramaticallydifferentmoisturizinglotion

    质地中等偏厚，不太得当我的油皮，但相比其他很多产品这款还不算太厚腻，得当大部分肤质一样平常用，难怪有“美国大宝”的表彰

    2倩碧黄油浮滑版Cliniquedramaticallydifferentmoisturizinggel

    和前一个黄油的质感比较雷同，但油腻感有所淘汰，越发得当油皮用，补水结果超赞，如今我在一样平常用

    3倩碧水磁场CliniqueMoistureSurgeThirstRelief

    试用过反复小样，不得不说这个产品的补水结果非常浮夸，我把它涂上脸后乃至有刺痛感（补水造成的？），然后皮肤会变得非常润滑，但不得当我的干性油皮一样平常用。大概是补水结果太好，不克不及完全吸取，轻微涂厚一点就开始搓泥……

    4欧舒丹神圣面霜L’OccitaneDevineCream

    和倩碧水磁场一样的弊端，质地太润泽，一不警惕就开始搓泥，大概不太得当二十几岁油皮

    5欧舒丹菊蜡面霜L'OccitanePreciousCream

    比神圣面霜质地浮滑一点，润泽结果还行，但用了反复也没有以为对肤质有分外大改进，表现中规中矩，以是给此中评吧

    6兰蔻金纯系列面霜和晚霜Lancomeabsoluecream

    只用过小样，质地还是偏油了一些，面霜是带SPF15防晒的，其他方面没什么深刻印象

    7兰蔻多元修护防晒霜Lancomebienfaitmultivitalcream

    香味有点刺鼻，别的感觉同上，略油腻，有防晒的成果，家里有小样，以是偶然间懒得扮装又要出个门就抹点它充数

    8Fresh红茶面霜Freshblackteaagedelaycream

    味道闻起来淡淡的挺天然的，但貌似同样不太得当我的肤质和年龄，阐明书上先容这款面霜重要是抗氧化、紧致和补水，当晚霜涂抹后第二天早上皮肤确实软软的水水的，便是偏油腻，应该近几年不会再买，家里还剩一瓶中样用来涂颈部吧。

    9雅诗兰黛的面霜

    会合说一下吧，试用过他家的ResilienceLiftDaywearRe-Nutriv面霜，分别是粉瓶、绿瓶、银瓶，包装都挺美的，但结论是雅诗兰黛家的护肤品不怎么得当我的肤质，太润泽，并且没以为对肤质有什么明显改进，味道也有点怪怪的不以为天然。不知道为什么这个牌子在海内那么火，个人私家以为它产业品险些没有一款让我欣喜的，除了小棕瓶。

    10悦木之源保湿赋活面霜OriginsMakeADifferenceRejuvenatingMoisturizer

    又一个不得当油皮的面霜，太过润泽，让皮肤有将近窒息的以为，扫兴。着实上文评了那么多面霜，大概换一个人私家的皮肤真的会结果很明显，痛惜油皮的选择便是那么有限。

    11资生堂水活焕妍白天防护英华乳SPF15ShiseidotheSkincareDayMoistureProtection

    资生堂是我比较喜好的护肤品牌，终究是亚洲品牌，跟亚洲人的肤质也比较对路，这款乳液质地比较浮滑，润泽结果不错但不堵塞毛孔，难过的是另有一点防晒结果，是我仅次于倩碧黄油的一样平常选择。

    面膜和英华篇

    1海蓝之谜LaMerintensiverevitalizingmask

    我平常不太利用面膜，买护肤品曾经收过一个海蓝之谜的面膜小样，试用反复后以为差能人意，表现平淡，不太明白海蓝之谜到底幸亏那边和贵在那边

    2兰蔻小黑瓶英华LancomeGenifiqueSerum

    又是大名鼎鼎的小黑瓶，同样只试用过多幼年样，在我脸上结果不太明显，另有一次晚间用后第二天脸上忽然爆痘，不知道是不是太润泽了，油皮便是没福分吧，很多多少养分都吸取不了。

    3雅诗兰黛小棕瓶夜间修复英华EsteeLauderAdvancedNightRepair

    大概是雅诗兰黛家的全部试用过的产品中，唯一我的皮肤能担当的，刺激性小，晚间用过后第二天皮肤确实状态不错，水水的。

    洁面篇

    1雅诗兰黛白金保湿洁面乳EsteeLauderRe-NutrivIntensiveHydratingCremeCleanser

    个人私家偏好缘故起因，不喜好膏状的洗面奶，由于是油皮，总以为膏状的洗不干净

    2雅诗兰黛泡沫洁面乳EsteeLaudersplashawayfoamingcleanser

    有丰富的泡沫，洗得超等干净，但是洗完后皮肤很干很紧绷，乃至有些刺痛

    3倩碧水洗卸妆洁面膏CliniqueRinse-OffFoamingCleanser

    卸面部底子妆容的结果非常不错，丰富的泡沫，洗完脸分外干净的以为，也会略紧绷，但紧绷感没有雅诗兰黛的泡沫款那么浮夸

    4倩碧液体洁面皂油皮款ClinqueLiquidFacialSoapOilySkinFormula

    一样平常用的洁面产品，代价布衣，好大一瓶好久都用不完，这个的泡沫比较细，没有前一款泡沫丰富，洗完脸会有点滑，略有一点不容易清干净的以为（生理作用吧），但长处是不会紧绷

    5ErnoLaszlo去世海泥黑皂ErnoLaszloSeaMudDeepCleansingBar

    听说这个牌子是奥黛丽赫本的爱，本着好奇精力我也入了一块他家明星产品黑皂尝尝，代价比平凡品牌要贵一些，固然好大一块好久都用不完。结果的话不太好说，用完确实不紧绷、也洗得干净，但没有以为对肤质有什么神奇的改进。着实洗面这一步我以为还是洗的干净不刺激就好了，这块四十几美金的皂性价比略差了一点，并且有个缺点是洗脸的时间滴下来的皂液会把池塘弄脏，每次洗完脸都要擦洗脸池。

    6资生堂温和洁面泡沫ShiseidoExtraGentleCleansingFoam

    用过这个小样，非常喜好，细细的丰富泡沫，既洗得干净又不太刺激，洗完不紧绷，好评

    7资生堂卸妆洁面膏SHISEIDOElixirSuperieurMakeupCleansingCream

    卸妆结果还不错，眼妆也能卸，也不刺激眼睛，只是睫毛深处要用棉片沾取洁面膏重复擦拭才华弄干净。固然还是不喜好膏状洁面产品涂在脸上的以为，用完用水洗濯后总以为没清干净，还要再用泡沫类的洁面乳再洗一次才放心。

    8ZA卸妆油

    ZA这个牌子固然打的是纽约招牌，在美国从来没见过，大学时期倒是不停用这款卸妆油，以为卸得蛮干净的，眼妆什么的也没题目。

    9倩碧CliniqueTakeTheDayOffMakeupRemoverForLids,LashesLips

    表现合格，卸眼妆结果不错，不太刺激皮肤，给个好评

    10兰蔻眼部卸妆水LancmeBi-FacilDouble-ActionEyeMakeupRemover

    非常喜好的眼部卸妆水，温和不刺激，卸得很干净。通常是油水疏散的状态，用之前要好好摇一摇。

    11倩碧洁面皂CliniqueFacialSoapwithDish

    又一款得当一样平常用的洁面皂，质地温和不刺激，又洗得很干净，代价只是前面提及的黑皂的四分之一，好评

    爽肤水篇

    大学时期我也是个爽肤水的积极支持者，23岁后由于上班早上赶时间，很多时间把爽肤水这步省略了直接涂抹黄油了事。用过以下几种水还是评价一下吧：

    1卡尼尔保湿爽肤水（绿水）

    这个水在美国我没有见过，固然美国超市也有卖卡尼尔的产品。至心以为这个水很得当年轻肌肤，不油腻又能保湿，代价还很布衣。读书时期带过来一瓶、如今偶然偶尔还用，以为保湿结果不错。气味也好闻，不警惕弄进眼睛里时也没有很刺激的以为。

    2欧莱雅粉水L’OrealHyrafreshToner

    初来美国时看到超市里这货很自制一大瓶，出于好奇买来试用了下，本人的欧莱雅利用经历也止于此，由于这个水的气味和打仗皮肤的以为都非常刺激，也不以为有什么补水结果，遂扔失了。

    3资生堂ShiseidoPurenessBalancingSoftener(Alcohol-Free)

    这个水是我用过为数未几的爽肤水里比较得意的，Pureness系列很得当我的油皮，用完皮肤毫无包袱，又有润泽感，气味清新天然，代价也不算离谱，好评。

    4茱莉蔻玫瑰水Jurliquerosewaterbalancingmist

    又一款华人MM很追捧的水，本人出于好奇买过一瓶试用，还剩大大半瓶至今还在柜子里没有效完。要是洗完脸喷一点而不消其他任何乳液的话，脸很快就干了，没以为有什么补水的结果。气味是有点呛人的猛烈玫瑰气味。不警惕弄进过眼睛，一阵刺痛，让我孕育产生了本能的反感，总以为越天然的东西对眼睛的刺激应该越小，不会再买，也没有再试过茱莉蔻其他产品。

    眼霜篇

    我是眼霜的支持者，自从18、9岁开始用眼霜（有点晚），不停切身材会着眼霜的紧张性。如今26、7岁，根本没有黑眼圈和眼角细纹出现，眼周皮肤很康健，固然这也是油皮的长处，出细纹慢，显年轻。

    1Fresh红茶眼霜Freshblackteaage-delayeyeconcentrate

    这段时间在用的眼霜。用过小样后刚强买了正装。气味什么的都很天然好闻，淡淡的茶香，涂抹后质地不油腻、不刺激眼睛，润泽结果不错。

    2欧舒丹神圣眼霜L'occitanedivineeyecream

    和神圣面霜一样的题目吧，质地不敷清新，太过润泽厚腻了

    3欧舒丹菊蜡眼霜L'occitanepreciouseyebalm

    用过不幼年样，也用过一瓶正装，质地比神圣系列清新，润泽结果好评，不刺激，更得当年轻肌肤。

    3兰蔻小黑瓶眼霜LancomeGenifiqueEye

    大名鼎鼎的小黑瓶眼霜确实是名不虚传的，用过一大瓶后以为眼部不停很润泽不刺激，油皮用也没题目，算一样平常眼霜的首选之一吧。

    3Bodyshop接骨木眼胶

    唯一试用过的一款眼胶，代价很亲民，但总以为润泽结果不太明显，有种胶质浮在皮肤外貌没怎么吸取的以为。个人私家还是更偏好乳类的眼霜，好像更能吸取。给老公买了一款也是这个牌子的男士眼霜，他用完后直接两眼莫名其妙肿成了熊猫，吓得赶快扔失，再也不敢买他家的护肤产品了。

    润唇膏篇

    1契尔氏一号润唇膏Kiehl's#1lipbalm

    大名鼎鼎的一号润唇膏，代价比较亲民，用过五六只，算是四序常备吧。制止水分流失的结果确实非常好，涂上后嘴唇油油的。不敷之处在于，用的时间长了你会发明那种润泽是停顿在嘴唇外貌的，是一种对外界冷氛围的隔绝和对嘴唇的掩护，但不克不及改进唇部的肤质，以是有美国人网评说这货便是高价凡士林。不过一样平常用确实能起掩护嘴唇的作用。

    2馥蕾诗黄糖唇膏Freshsugaradvancedtherapyliptreatment

    Fresh的明星产品之一，膏体比较金饰，好闻的红糖味，风雅的金属包装。晚上睡前抹一点，第二天清晨起来嘴唇还是润滑的。我是本年秋冬才开始用的，很得意。不过听说这个唇膏由于质地太软，夏气候候太热容易化。

    3迪奥迪奥魅惑润唇膏Dior'AddictLipGlow'ColorReviverBalm

    又叫做迪奥变色唇膏。理念是可以根据每个人私家的唇色表现出差别的光彩的气质，而不是粉饰笼罩你的唇色。我用过粉色这款，颜色险些是透明的，润泽结果也还不错，可以一样平常用，但没有那种别人批评里惊为天人的以为，三十几美金的唇膏，性价比还是略差了一点。

    护手霜和身材乳篇

    1螃蟹树护手霜Crabtreeandevelynhandtherapy

    美国中老年妇女群体里比较著名的一个牌子，我身边用这个的大部分是母亲和奶奶。此中有一个叫做nantucketbriar的香型分外火爆，螃蟹树官网上通常是缺货的状态。我试过这个香型总以为气味像祖母的香皂一样，闷闷的，不太喜好。别的还用过Citron,Gardeners,Rosewater等几个香型的护手霜小样，都以为很一样平常，并且用过一两个月背工会孕育产生依赖性，不消就会分外干，遂放弃。

    2欧舒丹乳木果油护手霜L'occitanesheabutterhandcream

    绝对是欧舒丹家的明星产品中的明星，我长期在用，家里险些每个房间放一只，包里随时也带一只，长期用下来手分外精致润泽，也没有发明孕育产生依赖性。代价适中，大支的可以用好久。有人说它油腻，但是护手霜我个人私家偏好便是越油越好，不然怎么叫护手呢。乳木果的结果分外好。气味的话只能说还好、不腻烦，只要润泽就行了。别的用过欧舒丹樱花味和玫瑰味的护手霜，但都不如这个经典款的好用，猛烈保举。

    3欧舒丹乳木果油护足霜L'OccitaneSheaButterFootCream

    这个是乳木果护手霜的姐妹产品，和手霜的好处很相似。淡淡的薰衣草味，脚冬天容易干燥的用起来很润泽，也可以足部推拿的时间来一点。

    4悦木之源姜暖护手霜Originsgingerhandlotion

    代价比欧舒丹越发亲民一些，质地也浮滑润泽，只是补水结果比欧舒丹的乳木果手霜轻微逊色一点，也得当一样平常用。

    5美加净护手霜

    高中的时间不停在用，结果非常不错，代价非常布衣。好几年没买过，在网上找了一下宛如找不到过去那种包装了，盼望如今的新包装结果和过去一样好。

Living organs work with fantastic functions in soft and wet gel-like states, except for hard compositions such as bone and tooth Thus, hydrogels attract considerable attention as excellent wet materials, suitable for fabricating artificial organs for medical treatments However, conventional hydrogels are too brittle to be employed in such applications To address this problem, our laboratory succeeded in synthesizing tough double network hydrogels (DN gels) by combining rigid strong polyelectrolyte gels (the first network) with flexible neutral polymer gels (the second network)

除了骨骼和牙齿等硬组合物外，活体器官在柔软和湿润的凝胶状态下具有出色的功能。因此，水凝胶作为优异的湿材料引起相当大的注意，适合于制造用于医学治疗的人造器官。然而，常规水凝胶太脆而不能用于这种应用中。为了解决这个问题，我们的实验室通过将刚性强聚电解质凝胶（第一网络）与柔性中性聚合物凝胶（第二网络）相结合，成功合成了坚韧的双网络水凝胶（DN凝胶）。

DN gels are as strong as rubber, and their compressive fracture stress is about 10–60 MPa (100–600 kgf/cm2), which is approximately hundred times stronger than single network gels (03–06 MPa) In addition, some types of DN gels also show flexibility, with tensile fracture strains reaching 30

DN凝胶与橡胶一样坚固，其压缩断裂应力约为10-60 MPa（100-600 kgf / cm2），比单网凝胶（03-06 MPa）强约100倍。此外，某些类型的DN凝胶也显示出柔韧性，拉伸断裂应变达到30。

These high mechanical properties of DN gels arise from the reciprocity of two networks, which suppress the progression of cracks When force is applied to DN gels, the rigid and brittle first network breaks down For single network gels, microcracks can spread and cause a breakdown of the network , while for DN gels, the existence of the soft second network can connect the fragments of the first network, thereby suppressing the scale-up of microcracks Therefore, large amounts of microcracks are in co-existence because of the distribution of stress, and large amounts of energy are dissipated in this process

DN凝胶的这些高机械性能源于两个网络的互易性，这抑制了裂缝的进展。当对DN凝胶施加力时，刚性和脆性的第一网络发生故障。对于单网络凝胶，微裂纹可以扩散并导致网络崩溃，而对于DN凝胶，软第二网络的存在可以连接第一网络的碎片，从而抑制微裂纹的扩大。因此，由于应力的分布，大量的微裂纹共存，并且在该过程中消耗了大量的能量。

We have also developed tough hydrogels that were constructed completely from natural materials Bacterial cellulose gels (BC gels), produced by Acetobacter xylinum , show high tensile fracture stress, but cannot hold enough water within them In contrast, gelatin gels derived from animals can hold a sufficient amount of water, but they possess poor mechanical properties We have succeeded in synthesizing BC/gelatin DN hydrogels having excellent mechanical properties by combining these two kinds of gel in order to compensate for each of their individual weaknesses

我们还开发了完全由天然材料制成的坚韧水凝胶。由木醋杆菌（Acetobacter xylinum）产生的细菌纤维素凝胶（BC凝胶）显示出高拉伸断裂应力，但不能在其中保持足够的水。相反，来自动物的明胶凝胶可以保持足够量的水，但它们具有差的机械性能。通过组合这两种凝胶，我们成功地合成了具有优异机械性能的BC /明胶DN水凝胶，以补偿它们各自的弱点。

We are trying to apply DN gels to regeneration medicine in co-operation with Prof Yasuda's group (Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University) Articular cartilages play very important roles such as cushioning when we perform exercises Until now, it was believed that once an articular cartilage is broken, it would never fully regenerate Hence, it has been difficult to repair a broken cartilage adequately However, we succeeded in regenerating a cartilage by embedding a biocompatible DN gel in the defect of rabbit cartilage for four weeks This is the world's first case of successful cartilage regeneration! For details, visit Prof Yasuda's homepage

我们正在尝试将DN凝胶应用于Yasuda教授团队（北海道大学医学研究生院）的再生医学。当我们进行锻炼时，关节软骨起着非常重要的作用，例如缓冲。到目前为止，人们认为，一旦关节软骨破裂，它就永远不会完全再生。因此，难以充分修复破损的软骨。然而，我们通过在兔软骨缺损中嵌入生物相容性DN凝胶四周来成功地再生软骨。这是世界上第一例成功进行软骨再生的案例！有关详细信息，请访问 Yasuda教授的主页

Compared with common hydrogels, DN gels possess higher mechanical properties However, there are some problems with regard to their application The largest problem is that it is difficult to synthesize DN gels in free shape because of the poor mechanical strength of the first network gel Apart from this issue, it is important to be able to shape gels freely for application as artificial cartilage Recently, we succeeded in synthesizing freely shapeable DN gels by two methods: by synthesizing DN gels from a particle first network gel or by using a poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel mold

与普通水凝胶相比，DN凝胶具有更高的机械性能。但是，它们的应用存在一些问题。最大的问题是由于第一网络凝胶的机械强度差，难以合成自由形状的DN凝胶。除了这个问题之外，重要的是能够自由地形成凝胶以用作人造软骨。最近，我们成功地通过两种方法合成可自由成形的DN凝胶：通过从颗粒第一网络凝胶合成DN凝胶或通过使用聚（乙烯醇）水凝胶模具。

References

Gong, J P; Katsuyama, Y; Kurokawa, T; Osada, Y Adv Mater 2003, 15, 1155

Na, Y-H; Tanaka, Y; Kurokawa, T; Furukawa, H; Sumiyoshi, T; Gong, J P; Osada, Y Macromolecules 2006, 39, 641

Tanaka, Y; Kawauchi, Y; Kurokawa, T; Furukawa, H; Okajima, T; Gong, J P Macromol Rapid Commun 2008, 29, 1514

Yasuda, K; Kitamura, N; Gong, J P; Arakaki, K; Kwon, H J; Onodera, S; Chen, Y M; Kurokawa, T; Kanaya, F; Ohmiya, Y; Osada, Y Macromol Biosci, 2009, 9, 307