He is often heard to sing this song in his room这句话不是主系表结构
是主谓宾 状语 结构
He 主语
is often heard 谓语
to sing this song宾语
in his room 状语
组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语谓语表语宾语宾语补足语定语状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语宾语,宾语补足语,而表语、定语、状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词代词数词动名词动词不定式等充当。
He likes watching TV 他喜欢看电视。(在这句中“He”为代词,充当句子主语)
2、谓语
谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征行为。
一般可分为两类:
1)简单谓语
由动词(或短语动词)构成。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
We study for the people我们为人民学习。
2)复合谓语:情态动词+不定式
I can speak a little English我可以说一点英语。
3、宾语
宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词或介词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,动名词,数词,动词不定式等。
We like English我们喜欢英语。
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 简称双宾语
He gave me some ink他给了我一点墨水。
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如:
We make him our monitor我们选他当班长
主谓宾结构,宾语后面带了不定式短语作宾语补足语,而且补足语里还有一个宾语从句。具体成分如下:
1 I主语;just
状语,want谓语;you 宾语;to结尾是宾语补足语,其中that结尾是宾语从句。
2 整句意思是,我只是想让你知道你的车胎瘪了。
主语,谓语,宾语,定语,状语,表语 是句子成份
①主语:用于说明人或事物执行某一动作,表明“谁”或“什么”常由名词、代词和数词来担任如:
I love the book.The book is my friend.我喜欢这本书这本书是我的朋友(名词作主语)
②谓语:说明主语的动作或状态,表明“做什么”或“是什么”常由实义动词或系动词加上表语部分来充当如:
Mother is a teacher.妈妈是一名教师(系表作谓语)
She likes music.她喜欢音乐(动词作谓语)
③宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么,在谓语之后如:
He learns English well.他英语学得好(作动词宾语)
I'm interested in handwriting.我对书法很感兴趣(作介词宾语)
④补语:说明宾语、主语“做什么”或“处于某种状态”常由名词、形容词等词类来担任如:
The teacher named me Lucy.老师叫我露茜(名词作补语)
Very loud noises can make people ill.非常大的噪音会让人得病(形容词作补语)
⑤表语:放在连系动词之后表示主语的身份或特征的成分,表明“什么”,“怎么样”多由名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词和介词短语来担任如:
She looks nice.她看上去很漂亮(形容词作表语)
Ann is in the classroom.安在教室里(介词短语作表语)
⑥定语:用于修饰和限制名词或代词的成分,表明“谁的”、“怎么样”等多由名词、数词、形容词、代词和介词短语等来充当如:
My friend is a middle school student.我的朋友是一名中学生(名词作定语)
The man with black glasses liked sweet food.戴墨镜的那个人喜欢吃甜食(介词短语作定语)
⑦状语:用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句的成分常由副词、介词短语等来充当如:
Bruce speaks English very well.布鲁斯英语说得很好(副词作状语)
Dick lived in the country a few years ago.迪克几年前住在乡下(介词短语作状语)
句子结构可以通过下述的四步进行分析
一、句子成分的主要核心是主语和谓语动词,因此分析句子结构时,第一步先要找出谓语动词,然后围绕该动词找到用作行为执行者的名词,即主语。这就是句子的主要结构。
二、知道了主谓结构,第二步要做的是判断谓语动词有无连带成分。动词的连带成分有以下4种:
系动词+表语:
系动词除
be
外,还包括表示由一种状态变化为另一种状态、保持一种状态或感知到某种特征的三类动词,系动词后连带的表语除
be
可以是名词外,多数是表示状态或特征的形容词以及形容词性的分词(现在分词或过去分词),表示属性的不定式或动名词,表示处所的介词短语。
及物动词+宾语
给与动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
给予动词指的是把要给予对象传递给接收者,一般说来,间接宾语是人或其他生命体,直接宾语是事物,如
give(给予)send(送给)pass(递给)bring(带给)tell(告给)等
使役动词+感知动词+宾语+宾补:
使役动词指要用带有使役性质行动指使他人,如
make,
let,
have,
get,
order,
tell,
ask
等
感知动词指感官对物体获得某种印象,如
find,
see,
hear,
feel,
learn,
know
等。
也就是说,这一步判断出下面的五种基本句型:
句子成分有六种——主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。
一、主语
多表示人或事物,是句子里被陈述的对象,在句首能回答“谁”或者“什么”等问题。可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。
二、谓语
是用来陈述主语的,能回答主语“怎么样”或“是什么”等问题。谓语可以由动词来担任,一般放在主语的后面。
三、宾语
往往表示动作支配的对象,并且总是处在动词的后头。可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。
四、定语
是名词性词语的修饰成分。可以由名词,形容词和起名词和形容词作用的词,短语担任。如果定语是单个词,定语放在被修饰词的前面,如果是词组,定语放在被修饰词的后面。
五、状语
状语是动词性、形容词性词语的修饰成分。可以由副词、短语以及从句来担任。
六、补语
是动词、形容词后面的补充成分。补语都放在中心语后头,除了趋向动词、数量词、介宾结构和一部分形容词可以直接作补语外。补语多用形容词、数量词、趋向动词、介宾结构来担任,各种关系的词组也常作补语。
分析句子成分一般是指句子成分法。
从句法结构的关系意义出发,对句子作成分功能或作用分析的方法叫句子成分分析法,即用各种方法标出基本成分(主语、谓语、宾语)和次要成分(状语、补语)。
句子有七个成分,分别为主语、谓语、宾语、补语、定语、状语、同位语。 主语是一个句子的发生动作的主体,谓语一般是动词充当,宾语是表示动作发生的对象。
例如,“我吃饭”中,“我”是主语,“吃”是谓语,“饭”是宾语。
定语是一般是形容词充当 修饰主语和宾语,状语是表时间、地点、状态、方位等等的限制补充的成分,补语是补充说明宾语。
具体阐释:
主语和谓语:
主语是句子里被陈述的对象,谓语是用来陈述主语的。在一般情况下,主语在前,谓语在后。
(1) 大伙都散了。(《分马》)
(2) 满树浅**的小花, 并不出众。(《荔枝蜜》)
(3)我最不能忘记的是他的背影。(《背影》)
(4)利用物候知识来研究农业生产,已经发展为一门科学。(《大自然的语言》)
(5)那壮丽的柱廊,淡雅的色调,以及四周层次繁多的建筑立面, 组成了一幅庄严绚丽的画图。(《雄伟的人民大会堂》)
这几句的主语是 "大伙"" 满树浅**的小花""我"" 利用物候知识来研究农业生产"" 那壮丽的柱廊,淡雅的色调,以及四周层次繁多的建筑立面",这几句的谓语是"都散了"" 并不出众""是他的背影" 。" 已经发展为一门科学"" 组成了一幅庄严绚丽的画图"。
把中心词看成是主语和谓语也是可以的。如:
(6)一张简陋的大竹床铺着厚厚的稻草。(《驿路梨花》)
(7)其实这种缩微技术,早在十九世纪普法战争时候就使用过了。(《从甲骨文到缩微图书馆》)
可以认为"竹床""技术"是主语,可以认为"铺""使用"是谓语。
宾语和补语:
宾语往往表示动作支配的对象,并且总是处在动词的后头。补语是动词形容词后面的补充成分。如:
(1)桥脚上站着一个人,却是我们母亲。(鲁迅《社戏》)
(2)我最不能忘记的是他的背影。(《背影》)
(3)萧队长说过:先进的要带落后的。(《分马》)
(4)列宁主义认为:资本主义国家的无产阶级要拥护殖民地半殖民地人民的解放斗争,殖民地半殖民地的无产阶级要拥护资本主义国家的无产阶级的解放斗争,世界革命才能胜利。(《纪念白求恩》)
字下有线的全是宾语。
还有一种宾语叫做"双宾语",如:
(5)人们叫它 故宫。( 《故宫博物院》)
(6)我给她 一本书。
"它""她"是近宾语(间接宾语),"故宫""一本书"是远宾语(直接宾语)。
(7)说起来可笑,小时候有一回上树掐海棠花,不想叫蜜蜂螫<一下>,痛得我差点儿跌<下来>。( 《荔枝蜜》)
(8)我独自一人游荡< 在田野里 >。(《挖荠菜》)
(9)从化的荔枝树多得< 像一片碧绿的大海 >,开花时节,那蜜蜂满野嘤嘤嗡嗡,忙得< 忘记早晚 >,有时还趁着月色采花酿蜜。( 《荔枝蜜》)
(10)我那时真是聪明< 过分 >。( 《背影》)
(11)年纪比我大的人,往往如此,我遇见过< 好几回>了。( 《从百草园到三味书屋》)
尖括号里的全是补语,都补充说明了前面的动词、形容词。
定语和状语:
定语是名词性词语的修饰成分,状语是动词性、形容词性词语的修饰成分。
(1)这时我看见(他)的背影,(我)的泪很快地流下来了。(《背影》)
(2)可我,总还是怀念那(长在野地里)的荠菜,就像怀念(那些与自己共过患难的老朋友)一样。(《挖荠菜》)
(3)老远就看见(镶嵌在正门顶上)的国徽的闪闪金光。(《雄伟的人民大会堂》)
(4)李四光[这一生中][还从来]没有过一次[这样]舒畅和快乐的谈话。( 《地质之光》)
(5)他们[只]认得钱,托他们只是[白]托!而且我[这样]大年纪的人,难道[还][不]能料理自己么?(朱自清《背影》)
(6)说到这里,我们两人都[不约而同]地站了起来,[沿着草坪旁用卵石铺成的小径] 走到"北海"跟前。(萧乾《枣核》)
圆括号里的是定语,方括号里的是状语。
规则:可以遵循谓前为状,谓后为补的规则;注意“的”,“得”,“地”三字。“的”前为定语,“地”前为状语,“得”后为补语。
句子成分
表示一个完整概念的语言单位叫做句子。组成句子的各个部分(单词或词组等)叫做句子成分,句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾语补足语和同位语等,主语和谓语是句子的主要成分,其他为次要成分。
知识点1:主语
主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme) , 是句子所述说的主体。它的位置一般在一句之首。可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。
1.名词作主语。 如:A tree has fallen across the road
Little streams feed big rivers
2.代词用作主语。如:You’re not far wrong
He told a joke but it fell flat
3.数词用作主语。如:Three is enough
Four minus three is one
4.名词化的形容词用作主语。 The old need help
5.不定式用作主语。 如:To find your way can be a problem
It would be nice to see him again
6.动名词用作主语。如:Smoking is bad for you
Watching a film is pleasure, making one is hard work
7. 名词化的过去分词用作主语。如:The disabled are to receive more money
The deceased died of old age
8 介词短语用作主语。如:To Beijing is not very far 到北京不很远。
From Yenan to Nanniwan was a three-hour ride on horseback
从延安到南泥湾要三个小时。
9 从句用作主语。如: Whenever you are ready will be fine
Whether we go or not depends on your father
10 句子用作主语。如:”How do you do ” is a greeting“你好”是一句问候语。
知识点2:谓语
谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主语之后。
谓语由简单动词或动词短语(助动词或情态动词+主要动词)构成。
1.由简单的动词构成。
(1) What happened
(2) He worked hard all day today
(3) The plane took off at ten o’clock
2.由动词短语构成的谓语。
(1) I am reading
(2) What’s been keeping you all this time
(3) You can do it if you try hard
3.英语常用某些动作名词代替表动态的谓语动词,表生动。这种动作名词之前常用没有多大意义的动词have, get, take, give 等。如:
(1) I had a swim yesterday (had a swim 代替了swam )
(2) Take a look at that! (take a look 代替了 look )
(3) He gave a sigh (gave a sigh 代替了sighed )
(4) I got a good shake-up(a good shake-up 代替了was shaken up thoroughly(充分,彻底的) )
知识点3:表语
表语的功能是表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。它也可以说是一种主语补语。它位于联系动词之后,与之构成所谓的系表结构。在系表结构中,联系动词只是形式上的谓语,二真正起谓语作用的则是表语。可以作表语的词有:名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句等。
1.The wedding was that Sunday (名词)
2.So that’s that (代词)
3.We are seven (数词)
4.Are you busy (形容词)
5.Are you there (电话用语)(副词)
Is anybody in (副词)
6.All I could do was to wait (不定式)
My answer to his threat(威胁) was to hit him on the nose(不定式)
7.Complimenting (赞美,祝贺) is lying(动名词)
Is that asking so much (动名词)
8.I was so much surprised at it (过分)
I’m very pleased with what he has done (过分)
9.She is in good health (介词短语)
The show is from seven till ten (介词短语)
10.Is that why you were angry (从句)
11.This is where I first met her (从句)
补充
能做系动词的实义动词:
come , go , run, turn ,get , become , keep , stay , make (表变化的动词)
fell ,sound ,smell , look , taste (感观动词)
seem, appear (似乎,好像)
例如:
1.Our dream has come true (Come 后常加 easy ,loose natural 等)
2 He fell sick
Keep fit
Keep 作为系动词还常接quiet ,calm ,cool , well , warm ,silent ,clean ,dry
3.The well ran dry (short , loose , wild , cold 等)
4.A thin person always seems to be taller than he really is
知识点4:宾语
宾语(object )在句中主要充当动作的承受者,因此一般皆置于及物动词之后。
如: Our team beat all the others
可以用作宾语的有:名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、名词化的分词、从句等。
1.Do you like a drink (名词)
2.They won’t hurt us (代词)
3.If you add 5 to 5, you get 10 (数词)。
4.I shall do my possible (名词化形容词)
5.He left there last week (副词)
6.Does she really mean to leave home (不定式)
7.He never did the unexpected(名词化的分词)
8.Do you understand what I mean (从句)
扩展
宾语中有些动词需要两个同等的宾语,即直接宾语(direct object)与间接宾语(indirect object)。 直接宾语一般指动作的承受者,间接宾语指动作所向的或所为的人和物(多指人),具有这种双宾语的及物动词叫做与格动词(dative verb), 常用的有:answer, ping, buy, do, find, get, give, hand, keep, leave, lend, make, offer, owe, pass, pay, play, promise, read, save, sell, send, show, sing, take 等;
间接宾语一般须与直接宾语连用,通常放在直接宾语之前。如:I have found him a place 我给他找到了一个职位。
知识点5:补语
补语(complement )是一种补足主语和宾语的意义的句子成分。
补足主语意义的句子成分叫做主语补语(subject complement);
补足宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补语(object complement)
(1) 容词用作主语补语是常置于主语之前,后有逗号。
Tired and sleepy, I went to bed 我又累又困,就去睡了。
有时可以置于主语之后,前后都有逗号,与非限定性定语相似。如:
The man, cruel beyond belief, didn’t listen to their pleadings
(2)可以用做宾语补语的有名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等
1 They named the child Jimmy(名词用作并与补语)
2 My mother looks so young that you would think her my sister(名词短语作宾语补语)
3 He boiled the egg hard(形容词用作宾语补语)
3I found the book very interesting(形容词短语用作宾补)
4 The comrades wanted Dr Bethune to take cover(不定式用作宾语补语)
5I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul(动名作宾补)
6Don’t take his kindness for granted(介词短语作宾补)
知识点6:定语
定语是用来说明名词(代词)的品质与特征的词或一组词。可用作定语的有:形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句和句子等。
1.形容词用作定语是大量的。
(1)She is a natural musician
(2)He must be the best violinist alive(后置定语)
2 名词用作定语。如
(1)A baby girl 女婴
(2)well water 井水
(3) Sports car 双座轻型汽车
(4)A fool’s paradise 梦幻的天堂
2.代词作定语。
(1)Your hair needs cutting(物主代词用作定语)
(2)Everybody’s business is nobody’s business (不定代词所有格作定语)
3.数词作定语
(1)There’s only one way to do it
(2)Do it now, you may not get a second chance
基数词用作后置定语: page 24 Room 201 the year 1949
4 副词充当定语时常后置,如:
the room above 楼上的房间 the world today 今日世界
the way out 出路 a day off 休息日
5.不定式用作定语
(1)Her promise to write was forgotten
(2)That’s the way to do it
6.动名词用作定语
A walking stick 拐杖 sleeping pills 安眠药
eating implements 吃饭用具 learning method 学习方法
7.分词充当定语
a sleeping child 正在睡中的小孩 a drinking man 嗜酒者
a retired worker 一个退休工人 a faded flower 一朵谢了的花
7.介词短语用作定语。
(1)This is a map of China
(2)The wild look in his eyes spoke plainer than words
8.从句用作定语,即定语从句
The car that’s parked outside is mine
Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another one
知识点7:状语
状语(adverbial )是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分。如:
1.The girl is improving remarkably
2.可用作状语的有副词、名词、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、从句等。 副词最常用作状语,位置比较灵活,可置句末、句首和句中。
He speaks the language badly but read it well
Naturally we expect hotel guests to lock their doors
3.状语按用途来分,可以分为时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、程度、方式、伴随等
(1) 时间状语,多位于句末和句首,有时亦可置于句中
Shall we do the shopping today or tomorrow
In China now leads the world
(2) 地点状语,多置于句末,有时也位于句首和句中。
There are plenty of fish in the sea
She kissed her mother on the platform(月台)
(3) 原因状语,包括表理由的状语,多置于句末,有时亦可置于句首。
Because he was ill ,Tom lost his job
I eat potatoes because I like them
(4) 结果状语,多由不定式、分词和从句表示,常位于句末。
She woke suddenly to find someone standing in the doorway
She spoke so softly that I couldn’t hear what she said
(5) 目的状语,多由不定式、介词短语和从句等表示,常位于句末,强调时可以置于句首。 He ran for shelter(隐蔽处)
In order to get into a good school, I must study even harder
(6) 条件状语。多由短语和从句表示,常置于句末和句首。
We’ll be lucky to get there before dark
If he were to come, what should we say to him
(7) 让步状语,由短语和从句表示,常置于句末和句首。
For all his money, he didn’t seem happy
He helped me although he didn’t know me
(8) 程度状语。常由副词、介词短语及从句等表示。
The lecture is very interesting
To what extent would you trust them
(9) 伴随状语,常由短语和独立主格等表示。对位于句末和句首。
My train starts at six, arriving at Chicago at ten
He stood there ,pipe(烟斗) in mouth
检测题(一):指出下列句中主语的中心词
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom
② There is an old man coming here
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year
④ To do today"s homework without the teacher"s help is very difficult
检测题(二):选出句中谓语的中心词
① I don"t like the picture on the wall
A don"t B like C picture D wall
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes
A get B longer C days D summer
③ Do you usually go to school by bus
A Do B usually C go D bus
④ There will be a meeting at the lipary this afternoon
A will be B meeting C the lipary D afternoon
⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their peakfast
A Did B twins C have D peakfast
⑥ Tom didn"t do his homework yesterday
A Tom B didn"t C do D his homework
⑦ What I want to tell you is this
A want B to tell C you D is
⑧ We had better send for a doctor
A We B had C send D doctor
⑨ He is interested in music
A is B interested C in D music
⑩ Whom did you give my book to
A give B did C whom D book
检测题(三): 挑出下列句中的宾语
① My pother hasn"t done his homework
A B C D
② People all over the world speak English
A B C D
③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation
A B C D
④ How many new words did you learn last class
A B C D
⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you
A B C D
⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill
A B C D
⑦ They made him monitor of the class
A B C D
⑧ Go across the pidge and you will find the museum on the left
A B C D
⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school
A B C D
⑩ They didn"t know who "Father Christmas" really is
A B C D
检测题(四):挑出下列句中的表语
① The old man was feeling very tired
A B C D
② Why is he worried about Jim
A B C D
③ The leaves have turned yellow
A B C D
④ Soon They all became interested in the subject
A B C D
⑤ She was the first to learn about it
A B C D
(五) 挑出下列句中的定语 (完成前2题,其余做课后作业)
① They use Mr Mrs with the family name
A B C D
② What is your given name
A B C D
③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3
A B C D
④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor
A B C D
⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep
A B C D
⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!
A B C D
检测题(六):挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room
A B C D
② He asked her to take the boy out of school
A B C D
③ She found it difficult to do the work
A B C D
④ They call me Lily sometimes
A B C D
⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus
A B C D
⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now
A B C D
检测题(七):挑出下列句中的状语
① There was a big smile on her face
A B C D
② Every night he heard the noise upstairs
A B C D
③ He began to learn English when he was eleven
A B C D
④ The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast
A B C D
⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off
A B C D
⑥ She loves the lipary because she loves books
A B C D
⑦ I am afraid that if you"ve lost it, you must pay for it
A B C D
⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine
A B C D
检测题(八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语
① Please tell us a story
② My father bought a new bike for me last week
③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term
④ Here is a penGive it to Tom
⑤ Did he leave any message for me
课后作业:
1 We always work hard at English
—— —— —— —— ——————
2 He said he didn"t come
——— ——— ——— ——————
3 They love each other
—— —— ——————
4 What did you bye
—— —— —— ——
5 She watched her daughter playing the piano
—— ———— —————— —————————
6 Your job today is to help the old
———— ——- —— ————————
7 Speaking doesn"t mean doing
———— —————— ——
8 Bye the time I got to the station, the train had left
———————————————— ————— ————
9The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage
—————— ——— —————— ——— —————————————
10 It takes me an hour to get there
—— ——— ————— ——————
检测题
1、often ,She ,five ,for, times ,homework , a ,does, week
2、sometimes ,TV ,watches,He
3、of, two, I ,cups, want, water
4、book, on, desk, The, is, the
5、a, country, is ,China, great
6、an, A, is, animal
7、is, very, The, beautiful, city
8、have, I, sisters, two
9、is, a, the, There, in, desk, classroom
10、morning, on, My, football, Saturday, plays, father
句子结构
英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下:
S 十V 主谓结构
S 十V 十P 主系表结构
S 十V 十O 主谓宾结构
S 十V 十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构
S 十V 十O 十C 主谓宾补结构
说明:S =主语;V =谓语;P =表语;O =宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C =宾语补足语
知识点1.S 十V 句式
在此句式中,V 是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.) 。例如:
He runs quickly.
They listened carefully.
He suffered from cold and hunger.。
China belongs to the third world country.
The gas has given out.
My ink has run out.
知识点2.S 十V 十P 句式
在此句式中,V 是系动词(link v .) ,常见的系动词有:look ,seem ,appear ,sound ,feel ,taste ,smell ,grow ,get ,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become ,turn 等。例如: He is older than he looks.
He seen interested in the book.
The story sounds interesting.
The desk feels hard.
The cake tastes nice.
The flowers smell sweet and nice.
You have grown taller than before.
He has suddenly fallen ill.
He stood quite still.
He becomes a teacher when he grew up.
He could never turn traitor to his country.
注意:有些动词同时也是及物动词,可构成SVO 句式,例如:
He looked me up and down.
He reached his hand to feel the elephant.
They are tasting the fish.
They grow rice in their home town.
He"s got a chair to sit on.
Please turn the sentence into English.
知识点3.S 十V 十O 句式
在此句式中,V 是及物动词(vt.) ,因此有宾语。例如:
I saw a film yesterday.
Have you read the story
They found their home easily.
They built a house last year.
They"ve put up a factory in the village.
They have taken good care of the children.
You should look after your children well.
知识点4S 十V 十O1十O2句式
在此句式中,V 是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give ,ask ,ping ,offer ,send ,pay ,lend ,show ,tell ,buy ,get ;rob ,warn 等。例如:
He gave me a book/a book to me.
He pought me a pen/a pen to me.
He offered me his seat/his seat to me.
注意下边动词改写后介词的变化:
Mother bought me a book/a book for me
He got me a chair/a chair for me.
Please do me a favor/a favor for me.
He asked me a question/a question of me.
知识点5.S 十V 十O 十C 句式
在此句式中,V 是有宾语补足语的及物动词。常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词常见的可接宾语补足语的动词很多,哪些动词可接哪几种形式作宾补,须根据动词的惯用法而定,不能统而概论。请看下面的例子。 They made the girl angry.
They found her happy that day.
I found him out.
I saw him in.
They saw a foot mark in the sand.
They named the boy Charlie.
I saw him come in and go out.
They felt the car moving fast.
I heard the glass poken just now.
He found the doctor of study closed to him.
专题过关 检测题:划分句子结构
1 They are working on the farm now 2Seeing is believing
3All of us like Kobe Bryant very much 4She became a doctor in 1998 5The book lying on the floor are mine 6Suddenly it begins to rain
7To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday 8I always find her happy 9He wonders if I still study English
10The letter which I received the day before yesterday was a friend of mine
指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分: depend on the weather
2 People’s standards of living 5I’ll return the book 8There are many film 11 I won’t stop you from doing it
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 25
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