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复旦大学2007年优秀高中生文化水平
选拔测试试卷(A卷)
本试卷共30页，满分1000分；每题5分，共200题；考试时间为180分钟。
考生注意：
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2．本卷为单选题，由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂在答题卡上。在答题卡上，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择并填涂。答案不能写在试卷上，写在试卷上一律不给分。
3．本卷每题答对得5分，不答得0分，答错扣2分!
1．【唐】韩愈《进学解》：“业精于勤，荒于嬉；行成于思，毁于随。”这一句子中“于”的意思是＿＿＿＿。
A．在 B．从 C．由于 D．对于
2．【汉】王充《论衡·量知篇》：“人之学问，知能成就，犹骨象玉石，切磋琢磨也。”其中“磋”字的准确含义是＿＿＿＿。
A．搓弄 B．商量讨论 C．摘取 D．把象牙加工成器物
3．《左传·宣公十五年》：“我无尔诈，尔无我虞。”句中前一个“尔”的意思是＿＿＿＿。
A．如此 B．而已 C．你 D．那样
4．“苦口老师归寂日，知恩弟子庆生辰。”([宋]惠洪《石门文字禅·云庵生辰》)其中“苦口”一词的含义是＿＿＿＿。
A．佛口 B．说话太多口变苦
C．口气沉重 D．不辞烦劳、反复恳切地说
5．当代小说家毕淑敏在《提醒幸福》中写道：“幸福有时会同我们开一个玩笑，乔装打扮而来。机遇、友情、成功、团圆……它们都酷似幸福，但它们并不等同于幸福。”与这里的“乔装打扮”一语的意思最远的一项是＿＿＿＿。
A．涂脂抹粉 B．改头换面 C．庐山面目 D．面目全非
6．韩小蕙在《悠悠心会》中写道：“有的夫妻—个屋檐下厮守一辈子，有的同事一个办公室对坐几十年，就是没话，心灵始终隔膜着一片寸草不生的荒漠。”与这里的“寸草不生”一语的意思最近的一项是＿＿＿＿。
A．赤地千里 B．天府之国 C．鱼米之乡 D．山穷水尽
7．2004年的印度洋地震海啸令当地人民＿＿＿＿不及防，造成了巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失，但海啸无情人有情，通过中国国际救援队队员等多方救助，此后情况就得到了改善。
句中方框内应填入的字是＿＿＿＿。
A．防 8．措 C．猝 D．促
8．【清】刘熙载《艺论》：“是其苦心孤诣，且不欲徇非常人之意，况肯徇常人意乎”句中“苦心孤诣”一语的结构属于＿＿＿＿。
A．并列式 8．偏正式 C．补充式 D．主谓式
9．蒋子龙在《乔厂长上任记》中写道：“但是，他相信生活不是命运，也不是赶机会，而是需要智慧和斗争的无情逻辑!因此他要采取大会战孤注一掷。”这里的“孤注一掷”在句中作＿＿＿＿。
A．补语 B．状语 C．宾语 D．谓语
10．纯洁的爱情体现着优美的＿＿＿＿。
A．对立统一性 B．对立冲突性 C．和谐同构性 D．矛盾差异性
11．耳聋之人不能欣赏马思聪的《思乡曲》是因为他缺乏＿＿＿＿。
A．后天的学习 B．后天的实践 C．先天的能力 D．先天的灵性
12．“枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马，夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。”(【元】马致远《天净沙·秋思》)其中的“古道西风瘦马”这一比喻表现的是＿＿＿＿。
A．客观的景物描写 B．客观的心理投射
C．客观景物与主观情意的交融 D．纯粹的主观情意
13．泰戈尔说，翅膀坠上黄金的鸟儿将无法飞翔。刘翔110米栏完美爆发平世界纪录夺冠，宣告了“刘翔时代”的到来。但没有对手的日子是孤寂的，有名利的纠绕更加危险。未来，他还能为世人带来多少惊喜，没人能预知，在这个巨星升起和陨落同样倏忽的年代，这的确是留给世人的一声重重的叩问。
这“重重的叩问”是指＿＿＿＿。
A．在巨星升起和陨落同样倏忽的年代刘翔是否真的没有对手。
B．鲜花和名望是否会让刘翔成为一颗转瞬即逝的流星。
c．刘翔走上了偶像的神坛之后，能否经受得住世俗眼光的评判。
D．刘翔面对巨大的名利诱惑，能否继续奋斗、再创辉煌。
14．“夸父与日逐走，人日。渴欲得饮，饮于河、渭；河、渭不足，北饮大泽。未至，道渴而死。弃其杖，化为邓林。”这个神话故事出自＿＿＿＿。
A．《山海经·海外北经》 B．《水经注》 C．《天工开物》 D．《梦溪笔谈》
15．“美丽地描绘一副面孔”和“一副美丽的面孔”分别指的是＿＿＿＿。
A．艺术的美、自然的美 B．自然的美、艺术的美
C．现实的美、艺术的美 D．艺术的美、社会的美
16．“风来似一片绿色的海，夜静如一堵坚固的墙”(张抗抗《地下森林断想》)。这里运用联想的方式属于＿＿＿＿。
A．对比联想 B．接近联想 C．相似联想 D．因果联想
17．幻想中的情感体验是＿＿＿＿。
A．真实的 B．虚假的 C．功利性的 D．超脱的
18．下列名句中的空缺，正确的是＿＿＿＿。
＿＿＿＿＿＿，飞鸟相与还。(陶渊明《饮酒》)
A．海客谈瀛洲 B．山气日夕佳 C．结庐在人境 D．古道接悠远
19．以下不具有崇高感的诗句是＿＿＿＿。
A．人闲桂花落 B．飞泉挂碧峰 C．海上生明月 D．飞流直下三千尺
20．秦观《踏莎行 郴州旅舍》有“驿寄梅花，鱼传尺素”的句子，其中的“鱼”是指＿＿＿＿。
A．鲤鱼 B．木鱼 C．信函 D．信笺
21．在中国近代教育史上，主张“以美育代宗教”的人物是＿＿＿＿。
A．孙中山 B．王国维 C．梁启超 D．蔡元培
22．熟悉大海的人见到大海的画面，口中有了海水的咸味，这种现象属于＿＿＿＿。
A．想象 B．联想 C．通感 D．理解
23．对“六书”解释正确的一项是＿＿＿＿。
A．甲骨文、金文、篆文、隶书、楷书、行书
B．风、雅、颂、赋、比、兴
C．《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《易》、《乐》、《春秋》
D．象形、指事、会意、形声、移注、假借
24．牛顿的分光实验揭开了彩虹之谜——原来是太阳光折射所致。虹桥、天梯、霓裳羽衣等美丽的联想随之褪色，难怪有人感到失望而责怪牛顿。
句中的“霓裳羽衣”见诸＿＿＿＿。
A．【唐】李白《将进酒》 B．【唐】白居易《长恨歌》
c．【唐】杜牧《过华清官绝句》D．【唐】李商隐《锦瑟》
25．颜之推《涉务》云：“古人欲知稼穑之艰难，斯盖贵谷务本之道也。夫食为民天，民非食不生矣，三日不粒，父子不能相存。”下列句中“为”的含义与“食为民天”中的“为”含义相同的一项是＿＿＿＿。
A．皆信僮仆为之 B．“子为谁”曰“为仲由。”
c．秦为知之，必不救也 D．今故告之，反怒为
26．东施效颦所模仿的对象是＿＿＿＿，典出＿＿＿＿。
A．褒姒 《荀子》 B．毛嫱 《管子》
c．西施 《庄子》 D．貂婵 《三国演义》
27．我们从有限的对象中获得无限的韵味需要对象本身具有＿＿＿＿。
A．想象性特征 B．抽象性特征 C．具象性特征 D．自觉性特征
28．文艺复兴以后，西方悲剧的主要对象是＿＿＿＿。
A．神 B．人自身的性格 C．社会 D．人的灵魂
29．【元】赵禹圭《折桂令·过金山寺》：“长江浩浩西来。水面云山，山上楼台。山水相连，楼台相对，天与安排。诗句成云烟动色，酒杯倾天地忘怀。醉眼睁开，遥望蓬莱，一半儿云遮，一半儿烟霾。”对这首元曲解说不恰当的一项是＿＿＿＿。
A．作者用“浩浩西来”的长江的动景来衬托巍峨的金山寺，显得绮丽动人。
B．这首元曲的开头没有直接写金山寺，而是描写金山寺气势不凡的背景。
C．“诗句成云烟动色，酒杯倾天地忘怀”是用狂态来表现自己沉醉在如此胜景中的豪情。
D．“山水相连，楼台相对”说的是金山寺倒映江中，山与水连在一起，楼中上下相互映照，山在水中，水在山上，一派奇妙景象。
30．“上海的石库门住宅是特定历史的产物，是弄堂里的上海风情!我虽然没在那里住过，但我懂得那一种感觉。那里所有的温煦、质朴和对待生活的韧性是我所熟识的，也是我所向往的。这恐怕是我生长的家庭和我成长的城市所给予我的唯一不变的东西。有一天，上海的石库门会像曾经居于其间的人一样悄然地逝去，但是他们留给这尘世的那种精神却永远不变。”这段文字的结尾流露出作者怎样的感情下列说法中不正确的一项是＿＿＿＿。
A．生活在现代都市，同时保有着对以往石库门生活的同情
B．对上海石库门的古旧所传递的一份永远不变的精神眷恋
C．上海的石库门所代表的一种石库门文化让作者着迷与留恋
D．对于上海石库门住宅中的具体的旧事和故人的怀念
31 They are fed up ____ the old daily routine
A with B of C at D on
32．He is such a(n) ____ teacher that he has devoted all his time and energy to his students
A conscientious B conscious C academic D scientific
33 We are looking for someone with a real sense of ____ to the job
A committee B．commitment C community D commission
34 There are fewer working hours in, the executive jobs, ____ the job stress is comparatively higher
A that B where C which D what
35 Since you are _____ to the seafood, you'd better avoid eating it
A sensible B．sentimental C sensitive D sensory
36 During the celebration, fireworks have been ____ at the bay
A set out B set about C set up D set off
37 They declared the war, for they believed that country had _____ the weapons of mass destruction
A liberated B countered C．approved D proliferated
38 The journalist reported the ____ of children labors who had worked many days on end
A expansion B expedition C exploitation D exploration
What is the thing called happiness For centuries, people were too busy pursuing it ___39__ much time analyzing it Now a pioneering band of researchers, has finally bagged the elusive quarry or at least taken its measure Using such sophisticated new tools ___40___ the five-item Life Satisfaction Scale and the seven-point Delighted-Terrible Scale (On a scale of one to seven, how do you feel about your life) , social psychologists have plumbed the heart of happiness And their answer to the age-old __41__ is that it all depends
Happiness, that is, ___42___ what makes you feel happy, which is why psychologists often call it "subjective well-being" But from studies of various age and population groups in the United States and abroad, they have reached some ____43____ conclusions on the makings of happiness What comes up ___44___ at the top of the charts is not, as many might expect, success, youth, good looks or any of those ___45____ assets The clear winner is relationship, close ones, followed by happy marriage Supportive, intimate connections with other people seem ____46____ important Using simple survey questions, psychologist David Myers found that the ___47____ happy people are those in unhappy marriages Happiest are those who married ____48___ their "best friend"
39 A to spend B spending C has spent D have spent
40．A like B alike C as D for instance
41 A psychology B mystery C solution D trick
42 A results in B leans against C depends on D arrives at
43 A realistic B idealistic C objective D individualistic
44．A endlessly B contradictorily C harmoniously D consistently
45 A enyiable B．reliable C inevitable D endurable
46 A vastly B tremendously C swiftly D basically
47 A most B best C least D worst
48 A to B with C for D off
Sarah Alexander celebrated the start of her last year at Wells College the way many other seniors before her have She ran across the picturesque campus to the shores of Cayuga Lake, where she jumped into the water
So did many of her fellow seniors, But dozens of students decided to stay away, especially the relatively few newly arrived male students
Wells College, which since 1868 had educated only women, began accepting men this year in hopes of bolstering its dwindling enrollment For many students and alumnae, it was a crushing decision After the college announced last October that it would go coeducational, about half of the students protested and two filed a lawsuit, which they later dropped
The students -- 33 men and 383 women -- came to campus late last month Both sexes are now tring to navigate the new social landscape Mr Phillips said "You can't do guy stuff Every time you want to sit and watch sports or a game, it turns into a movie" The women were "somewhat nasty'' "I could see the dirty looks in their eyes," he said "But I was not going to let that stop me from coming"
Wells was a place where women did not have to fuss over their appearance or fight to be taken seriously by their professors They could enjoy the camaraderie of their campus sisters and their playful traditions Besides jumping into the lake, the women dance around the maypole each May and kiss the feet of the statue of Minerva, the Roman goddess of wisdom, before exams
Ms Alexander said, "People told us we wouldn't notice a difference, but from the moment men arrived on campus you could notice a difference Women are waking up early to put on makeup, and that's odd," she said
Henry Wells, a founder of Wells Fargo and a friend of Comell's benefactor, Ezra Cornell established this college, when women were not considered capable of higher learning "Give her the opportunity," he wrote
The news that the college would go coed created ripples far beyond campus, One alumna wrote a letter to the college's president, Lisa Marsh Ryerson, saying the founder would haunt her "I believe Henry Wells would have haunted me if I let Wells College close," said Ms Marsh Ryerson, a Wells alumna herself
The great-great-great-great granddaughter of Henry Wells, Stephanie Redmond, 18, of Washington State, said that earher this year a Wells student had tracked her down and asked her to support the protest But Ms Redmond said the move to admit men had encouraged her to emoll at Wells this year as a freshman She plans on a career in engineering, a male-dominated field, and said attending an all-women's college might have put her at a disadvantage
49 The primary reason for the Wells College to accept men is that ______
A its enrollment rate is in decline
B the campus is lack of vigor and vitality
C it will face the destiny of being closed down
D all-women's college might put a woman at a disadvantage
50 A typical behavior for seniors to do is that ____
A they jog along the picturesque campus
B they switch sports programs to a movie
C they celebrate their fourth year by jumping into a lake
D they swim in Cayuga Lake accompanied by friends
51 The change after turning into a coed college is that
A dirty looks in women's eyes have disappeared
B women get up early to make up
C women are waking up early to study
D women dance with men around the maypole
52 The attitude of the author is that ______
A she hates a tradition of all-women schools
B she calls on women in support of the protest
C she dislikes the change and hopes to file a lawsuit
D she objectively describes the new and uneasy coeducation
53 Which of the following statements is Not true
A The enrollment Of male students caused controversy
B The grandchildren of the college founder benefited most
C The current president of the college was also its graduate
D The founder hoped to give women opportunities of higher education
But what is teacher quality How can one measure it reliably
An analysis is issued on a sample of data from a Texas school district Experts argue convincingly that teacher effectiveness should be measured by students' gains on standardized tests: Mr Smith is presumably a better teacher than Ms Brown if his students consistently improve their test scores more than hers do
Though this approach is appealing, them are tricky issues For example, what if Ms Brown teaches in a school where students score so high them is little room for improvement
The authors try to correct for this problem, as well as other sorts of measurement issues, to generate a measurement of teacher effectiveness The paper is primarily concerned with how this measure is related to other observable teacher characteristies The first finding is that there is a large variation in teacher effectiveness: some teachers consistently have a larger impact on their students' achievement than others
Second, easily observable characteristics like having a master's degree or a passing score on the teacher certification exam are not correlated with teacher effectiveness
Then what does matter The most important single influence is experience: first-year teachers are much less effective than others The second year is significantly better, and by the fourth year, most teachers hit their stride
It is not entirely clear whether this experience effect is learning by doing (the more you teach, the more effective you become) or survival of the fittest (those who are not good at teaching tend to drop out early)
From my reading of the paper, both effects appear important and there is no simple answer The data do suggest, however, that teacher effectiveness is pretty clear by the end of the second year, so the information to make an informed decision is available at that time
The authors also investigate the contentious issue of racial matching of students and teachers Here they find strong evidence that minority teachers tend to be more effective with minority students Again, it is unclear whether this is because of a role model effect (students respond better to a teacher of their own race) or an empathy effect (teachers empathize better with students of their own race) or something else entirely
The authors also look at teacher mobility There is some evidence that teachers who quit teaching or switch schools tend to be below average in effectiveness This is consistent with the survival-of-the-fittest model
54 The schoolmaster could decide wisely whether to further employ the teacher by the end of the
A．the first year B the second year C．the third year D the fourth year
55 The phrase "hit their stride" most probably means"_____"
A reach their normal level B become confident
C walk with long steps D get bored
56 The author of this passage holds the view that ____
A teachers will perform better with time passing
B．ineffective teachers should leave earlier rather than later
C teacher's effectiveness is apparent after a couple of years
D a master's degree will improve teacher's effectiveness
57 Why do black teachers tend to be more effective with black students
A Students feel secure, so they respond better
B．Teachers sympathize with students of their own race,
C There are entirely some other identified reasons
D．The reasons are far from clear and definite
58 Which of the following may serve as the best title
A Tenure, Turnover and the Quality of Teaching
B Impact of Teacher Quality on Student Learning
C Different Sorts of Measurement Issues
D Survival-of-the-fittest Model vs Learning-by-doing Model