世界卫生组织推荐的三大油种是什么

分别是葵花籽油、橄榄油、山茶油。

葵花油是以高含量的亚油酸著称的健康食用油。据国家粮食储备局西安油脂研究设计院曹万新教授介绍，在21世纪，心脑血管疾病如冠心病、脑中风、脑血栓、动脉硬化、高血压等疾病增多，而长期食用合适的油脂产品，能够对上述症状有较大的改善。

橄榄油橄榄油富含丰富的单不饱和脂肪酸——油酸，还有维生素A、维生素B、维生素D、维生素E、维生素K及抗氧化物等。橄榄油被认为是迄今所发现的油脂中最适合人体营养的油。

山茶油在常用食用油脂中，茶油所含优质脂肪酸最多（达到904℅），饱和脂肪酸（俗称脂肪）含量最少，不含难消化的芥酸，根据油脂理论可知，茶油绝大部分营养易于人体组织快速吸收利用。此性质也称为“亲肤性”。

油的种类：

生物油

化学上生物油属甘油，它们与脂肪的区别在于它们的熔点比脂肪低。

许多植物油被用来食用（比如菜油、向日葵油、橄榄油等）。动物油中用作食用油的相对来说比较少（比如鱼肝油），动物油与脂肪的区分也不十分明确。此外动物油还被用在工业中做润滑油、肥皂等。

精油

精油是易挥发的、有芳香气味的植物油（比如玫瑰油），常用在化妆品中。

矿物油

矿物油主要是从地下开采出来的石油，其主要组成部分是烷烃。大自然中的原油大多数含有杂物，除少数例外外（比如利比亚的原油）都含有比较多的硫和其它物质。

矿物油是有机化学工业非常重要的原材料。矿物油提炼后也是世界上最重要的能量原材料。作为取暖用油、汽油、柴油和重油它是今天文明的保障。此外矿物油的产品还用来做润滑油。

硅油

硅油是由硅和氧组成的半有机的高分子和非均相高分子化合物。它们的优点是不易氧化，不易受温度和其它因素影响。硅油除被用作润滑剂外还在化妆工业被大量使用。

-葵花籽油

-橄榄油

-山茶油

关于英语谚语大全带翻译精华篇

Amancannotspinandreelatthesametime

一心不能二用。

Itisnevertoooldtolearn

活到老，学到老。

Readingistothemindwhileexercisetothebody

读书健脑，运动强身。

Knowledgestartswithpractice

实践出真知。

Complacencyistheenemyofstudy

学习的敌人是自己的满足。

Alittleknowledgeisadangerousthing

一知半解，害已误人。

Laughandtheworldlaughswithyou,weepandyouweepalone

欢笑,则世界与你同乐;哭泣,则独自悲伤

Illnewstravelsfast

坏事传千里。

Fromsavingcomeshaving

富有来自节约。

Nocross,nocrown

不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。

Friendsmustpart

天下无不散之筵席。

Abadthingneverdies

坏事传千年

Everyminutecounts

分秒必争。

Ayear'splanstartswithspring

一年之计在于春。

Howtimeflies!

时光飞逝。

Natureteachesustoloveourfriendsbutreligionourenemies

自然教我们爱朋友,宗教却教我们爱敌人。

Lifewithoutafriendisdeathwithoutawitness

在世无朋友，死后无证人。

Intimeofprosperity,friendswillbeplenty;Intimeofadversity,not oneamongsttwenty

富在深山有远亲,穷在闹市无人问。

Heisrichenoughwhohastruefriends

有真朋友的'人是富翁。

Heisagoodfriendthatspeakswellofusbehindourbacks

背后说好话,才是真朋友。

Practicemakesperfect

熟能生巧。

Don'tleavetoday'sworkfortomorrow

当日事，当日毕。

Athousandmiletripbeginswithonestep

千里之行，始于足下

HewhohadneverbeentotheGreatWallisn'tatrueman

不到长城非好汉。

Greathopesmakegreatman

伟大的抱负造就伟大的人物。

Nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit

世上无难事，只怕有心人。

Nothingisdifficulttothemanwhowilltry

世上无难事，只要肯登攀。

Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart

心志所愿，无事不成

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway

有志者事竟成。

Nothingisimpossible(ordifficult)tothemanwhowilltry

世上无难事,只怕有心人。

Nothingisimpossibletowillingmind(orheart)

有志者事竟成。

nothingisdifficulttoamanwhowills

有志者事竟成。

Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy

所有事在变得容易之前,都是困难的。

Confidenceinyourselfisthefirststepontheroadtosuccess

自信是走向成功的第一步。

Confidenceofsuccessisalmostsuccess

对成功抱有信心，就近乎成功。

Studytobewhatyouwishtoseem

学习可成为你所理想的人物。

Knowledgeadvancesbystepsnotbyleaps

知识的获得是循序渐进而不是突飞猛进的。

Abookthatremainsshutisbutablock

书本不常翻,犹如一块砖

Artislong,butliftisshort

人生有限,学问无涯;人生有限,艺术无穷;人生有限,学海无涯;

Learningisanornamentinprosperity,arefugeinadversity,anda provisioninoldage

学问在得意时是装饰品，失意时是庇护所，年老时是供应品。

Experiencekeepsadearschool,butfoolslearninnoother

经验学校学费高,愚人旁处学不到。

Learningmakesagoodmanbetterandillmanworse

知识能使好人更好，坏人更坏。

Ahandfulofcommonsenseisworthbusheloflearning

一点小常识常胜过很多有价值的学问。

Alittlelearningisadangerousthing

一知半解,为害不浅。

Knowledgemakeshumble;ignorancemakesproud

知识令人谦虚;无知使人骄傲。

Knowledgeispower

知识就是力量。

Foolslearnnothingfromwisemen,butwisemenlearnmuchfromfools

愚者不学无术，智者不耻下问。

Booksandfriendsshouldbefewbutgood

读书如交友，应求少而精。

Ayoungidler,anoldbeggar

少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

Amanbecomeslearnedbyaskingquestions

不耻下问才能有学问。

Havebutfewfriendsthoughmanyacquaintances

结交可广,知己宜少。

Goddefendmefrommyfriends;formmyenemyIcandefendmyself

防友靠天，防敌靠己。

Friendsmaymeet,butmountainsnevergreet

朋友可相逢，高山永分离。

Friendshiptheolderitgrowsthestrongeritis

友谊地久天长。

Friendship----onesoulintwobodies

友谊是两人一条心。

Friendshipmultipliesjoysandpidesgriefs

友谊可以增添欢乐，可以分担忧愁。

Friendshipislovewithunderstanding

友谊是爱加上谅解。

Friendshipcannotstandalwaysononeside

来而不往非礼也。

Marryyoursonwhenyouwill,yourdaughterwhenyou

给儿子娶亲，想在什么时候皆可;把女儿嫁人要在有力量时才行。

Marryinhaste,andrepentatleisure

结婚过于急躁,闲来便要懊恼。

Marriaageisthebloomorblightofallmen'shappiness

结婚是人生的幸福花朵开放的时候，也可能是凋谢的时候。

Marriageisalotterywithmoreblanksthanprizes

结婚如同摸**，空票多而中票少。

Marriageisalottery

婚姻是一件难以预料的事。

Marriagegoesbycontrasts

夫妻之间难免有差异。

Marriagecomesbydestiny

姻缘命中定。

Marchcomesinlikealionandgoesoutlikealamb

三月来如雄狮，去如绵羊。

Manywordscut(orhurt)morethanswords

恶语伤人胜刀见。

Manywells,manybuckets

井多吊桶也多。

Manystrawsmaybindanelephant

草多可缚象。

Manysandswillsinkaship

积沙沉船。

Manyreceiveadviceonlythewiseprofitbyit

聆忠言者众，智者独获益。

Manyonesayswellthatthinksill

口蜜腹剑者不乏其人。

Manymen,manyminds

人多意见多。

Manykissthebabyforthenurse'ssake

醉翁之意不在酒。

Manyhavesufferedfortalking,noneeversufferedforkeepingsilence

多言吃苦，缄默少祸。

Manyhandsmakelight(orquick)work

人多活儿轻。

Manyhandsmakeaburdenlighter

众擎易举。

Manyhandsarebetterthanone

众擎易举。

Manygreatmenhavearisenfromhumblebeginnings

有许多伟人出身卑微。

Manydropsmakesashower

积少成多。

Manydishes,manydiseases

多吃多病。

Manyatruewordisspokeninjest

戏言寓真理。

Manyantskillthehorse

蚁多可杀马。

Manyalittle(orpickle)makesamickle

积少成多。

Manyagoodfatherhathbutabadson

好父亲偏生不肖子。

Manyagoodcowhathabadcalf

虎父生犬子。

Manyaflowerisborntoblushunseen

有许多花儿生来就开着没有人欣赏。

Man'sbestpossessionisalovingwife

男人最可贵的是有一个贤淑的妻子。

Friendsarethievesoftime

交朋友，费时间。

Everythingisgoodwhennew,butfriendwhenold

物莫如新,友莫如故。

1abstract art : 抽象派艺术

A nonrepresentational style that emphasizes formal values over the representation of subject matter

强调形式至上，忽视内容的一种非写实主义绘画风格

Kandinsky produced abstract art characterized by imagery that had a musical quality

康定斯创作的抽象派作品有一种音乐美。

2abstract expressionism : 抽象表现派；抽象表现主义

A nonrepresentational style that emphasizes emotion, strong color, and giving primacy to the act of painting

把绘画本身作为目的，以表达情感和浓抹重涂为特点的非写实主义风格。

Abstract expressionism was at its peak in the 1940s and 1950s

20世纪四五十年代是抽象表现艺术发展的顶峰时期。

3action painting : 动作画派

A term used to describe aggressive methods of applying paint

指使画布产生强烈动作效果的绘画风格。

Action painting often looks childish to the non-artist because of the

techniques used to apply paint, such as throwing it on the canvas

在外行看来，动作派的作品通常是幼稚的，这主要是因为画家采用的作画方法，比如将颜料泼洒在画布上。

4airbrush : 喷枪；气笔

A nozzled tube used to apply paint in a spray form

一种将颜料喷成雾状的喷嘴管。

The famous sexy robots in Japan are produced using an airbrush

那些性感的日本机器人就是用喷枪绘制成的。

5art deco ：装饰派艺术

A style dominant in the 1920s and 1930s, characterized by repetitive, ornamental, and highly finished curvilinear and geometric designs, esp in synthetic materials such as plastics

盛行于20世纪二、三十年代的装饰艺术和建筑艺术风格，以重复的、装饰精美的曲线和几何图案为特点国，多采用塑料等合成材料。

Mary attended high school in a building that was famous for art deco style of architecture

Mary就读的中学以其装饰派建筑而闻名。

6art nouveau ：新艺术

A decorative style in which fluid, biomorphic lines and swirling motifs were emphasized

以曲折有致的天然生物形态为特色的装饰性风格。

Beardsley prints produced in the late 19th century are a good example of the style of art nouveau

19世纪末比乐兹利的作品是新艺术的典范。

7avent-garde : 先锋派

Innovative art in advance of popular ideas and images, characterized by unorthodox and experimental method

不拘于现有的创作定式，勇于创新超前思维的艺术形式。

The avant-garde home of the famous actress sold for millions

那位影星的先锋派住宅卖出了几百万美元的好价钱。

8Baroque ：巴罗克风格

An emotional, dramatic style of the 16th-18th century, anticlassical in form and spirit

流行于16至18世纪，以情感强烈、铺张浮华为特点的反古典主义的艺术风格。

Status and architecture from the Baroque have a dark, muscular, looming quality about them

巴罗克风格的雕塑和建筑雄伟、高大、格调阴暗。

9batik ：蜡防印花

Painting on wax-treated cloth

在蜡布上作的画。

Susan learned about batik in college

苏珊在读大学时学过蜡防印花。

10Bauhaus ：包豪斯建筑风格

A design school that promoted functional and geometric elements in design

指包豪斯造型学院倡导的强调实用和几何学要素的建筑风格。

Bauhaus school of design in Germany changed the way that the world thought about design

德国的包豪斯造型学院倡导的艺术改变了世人的既定设计思维模式。

11Byzantine ：拜占庭艺术风格的

（adj） A term used to describe a style of art with strong religious content

艺术风格突出强烈宗教色彩的。

The Byzantine era extended from the 13th century and went into the 16th century and was characterized by art with religious influence

拜占庭式艺术始于13世纪，一直延续到16世纪，其主要特点是浓郁的宗教气息。

12calligraphy 书法艺术

Handwriting or penmanship, esp elegant or “beautiful” writing as a decorative art

书写的艺术，特别是优雅漂亮可作装饰的笔迹。

Calligraphy has practically become a lost art in today’s computerized society

在今天的电脑时代，书法艺术差不多要消亡了。

13cartoon 草图，底图

A full-size, preliminary painting or sketch for a completed work

一部完整艺术作品的雏形。

Leonardo da Vinci’s cartoon of the Virgin Mary and Saint Anne hangs in the British National Gallery

达·芬奇的圣母马丽亚和圣安妮画像的草图现存于英国国家美术馆。

14ceramics

(1)The art of making objects such as pottery or clay

(2)The objects themselves

陶器制作艺术；陶器制品。

Savannah enjoys making ceramic pottery

萨文喜欢做陶器。

15collage ：拼贴艺术

A composition of found objects, newspaper, and cloth over other material on a single surface

把拣得的报纸、碎布等在画面上粘贴成画。

We used to make computer collages when I was in college by first pasting various items together and then using a video camera to transmit the image onto a computer screen

我们在大学时曾用电脑制作拼贴画。其步骤是：首先，将各种材料粘在一起，然后用摄像机将图像传送到电脑上。

16composition ：艺术作品

Aesthetically pleasing, harmonious, and effective arrangement of parts to form a whole

各部分和谐生动、符合美学规律的作品。

Matisse used color and shapes and worked back and forth until he felt he had achieved a balanced composition

马蒂斯反复调试色彩、构思图案，终于画了一幅布局和谐的作品。

17computer art 计算机艺术 2

Electronically produced images displayed on video screen

在屏幕上显示运用电子手段设计图像的艺术。

Computer art become popular in the 1980s when computers started to become more available to the public

当80年代个人电脑开始普及之后，计算机艺术也流行起来。

18cubism ：立方主义；立体派

A style of art that departs from traditional reality, and emphasizes multifaceted, simultaneous views of subject and distorted perspectives(early 20th century)

20世纪初出现的一个艺术流派。它抛弃传统现实，强调艺术作品的形体结构，即同时性、多角度性及扭曲的视角。

Pablo Picasso played a principal role in the early movement of cubism

帕勃洛·毕加索在立体派早期发展中起首重要的推动作用。

19Dada ：达达主义

A style (1915-1925) with antirational approach and nihilistic, absurdist, and incongruous themes

流行于1915年至1925年间的艺术流派，其特点是反理性的创作手法和虚无、荒诞。矛盾的主题。

Dadaism asked “what is art” and used humor and shock value as communicative elements

达达主义设问“什么是艺术？”并用幽默和让人震惊的色彩对比手法作答。

20drawing ：素描

A picture, design, or sketch done with lines in pen or pencil

用钢笔或铅笔勾勒出的图画、图案或写生图。

The drawings of Michelangelo were recently exhibited in New York

米开朗基罗的素描最近在纽约展出。

21expressionism ：表现主义

An early 20th-century style emphasizing emotional expression, strong color and composition, and a distorted, theatrical treatment of image

20世纪的一种艺术风格，强调情绪的表现，以浓重的色彩、鲜明的构图，扭曲、夸张的形象处理为特点。

Professor Bryer will be giving a lecture on expressionism tonight

今晚布莱恩教授有一个关于表现主义的讲座。

22fresco ：温壁画技法；湿壁画

A technique of painting directly on a wet, plaster surface

在潮湿的石膏表面上直接作画。

We all marveled at the beauty of the 17th century fresco

23funk art ：非理性艺术；恶臭艺术

A combination of painting and sculpture, deliberately messing and rough, often humorously depicting provocative subjects(US, mid-20th century)

20世纪中期出现在美国的一种艺术流派。故意杂乱无章、不加修饰的绘画与雕塑的融合。多以幽默的方式描绘刺激性的场面。

Jeson has been collecting funk art since the mid 1960s

杰森从20世纪60年代中期就开始收集非理性艺术作品。

24futurism ：未来主义

A style glorifying modern technology, speed, and the machine age ( Italy, early 20th century )

颂扬现代技术、速度和机器时代的创作风格。起源于20世纪初的意大利。

Art from the era of futurism can be identified by a combination of machine elements, cubism, and motion

未来主义时期艺术的突出特点是机器法则、立方主义与运动机械的组合。

25genre ：风俗画

A realistic depiction of scenes from everyday domestic life 3

日常家居生活的写实画。

Who is your favorite genre painter

你最喜欢的风俗画家是谁？

26Gothic ：哥特风格

A style that emphasizes Christian imagery, brilliant color, and strong verticality in composition ( 12th – 16th century )

以基督教题材、亮丽的色彩、明显的垂直线条为特点的绘画风格。流行于12至16世纪。

Jean dislikes Gothic art because it feels too religious

吉不喜欢哥特风格的作品，因为它们的宗教色彩太浓。

27gouache ：树胶水彩颜料

An opaque watercolor bound with gum

由胶水调和的不透光水彩。

Do you like the quality of gouache in paintings

你喜欢水彩画吗？

28 graphic arts ：平面造型艺术

Those visual arts that are linear in character, such as drawing and engraving, esp those that involve printing and printmaking

平面视角艺术，特别是指与印刷业有关的素描、雕刻等。

The computer is now enabling anyone to produce and design and experiment with graphic art

计算机的出现使任何人都能制造、设计和试验平面视角艺术。

29hard-edge ：锋刃派绘画的；硬边画的

(adj) A style characterized by geometric abstraction, a flat picture plan, perfection of a surface, and graphic precision（US, mid-20th century）

流行于20世纪中期的美国，以轮廓分明的几何形体、精确的画面为特点的抽象绘画。

Patrick Nagel’s hard-edge style of 80’s women became one of the strongest images in the 20th century

派特克·纳哥尔的锋刃派风格的80年代妇女成了20世纪说明力的形象之一。

30history painting ：历史题材的绘画

An academic depiction of scenes from mythology, history, or the Bible

以神话、历史或圣经为题材的传统绘画。

Temple Square in Salt Lake City has a visitor center filled with history paintings

盐湖城的神殿广场有一个观光中心，里面存满了历史题材的绘画作品。

31hyperrealism ：高度写实主义

An extension of photorealism in which depiction of subject is indistinguishable from reality (late 20th century)

20世纪末兴起的一种绘画流派。照相现实主义的延伸，强调对现实的临摹。

The interesting aspect of hyperrealism is that it challenges the viewer to try to decide what is real and what isn’t

高度写实主义绘画很有意思的一点是，观者很难判断哪些是真实的，哪些是虚构的。

32impressionism ：印象主义，印象派

A style emphasizing the depiction of light and its effects, with the act of seeing as its primary subject (France 19th century

强调绘画中的光感，以视觉影象作为描绘对象。

Impressionism has long been one of the most popular art movements Van Gogh’s impressionistic painting entitled “Dr Gachet” was purchased for a world record $ 85 million by a Japanese investor

长期以来，印象主义一直是有影响力的艺术运动之一。凡高的印象派作品《盖什医生》被一名日本投资商以8500万美元的天价购得。

33Kakemono ：画轴 4

A Japanese vertical scroll painting

日本的一种垂直式卷轴画。

Debbie purchased several kakemono scrolls during her year as an exchange student in Japan

德比在日本做交换学生时买了几卷画轴。

34kinetic art ：活动艺术

Art characterized by the incorporation of painted and sculpted mechanical parts into an art piece that moves or creates the impression of movement

兴起于20世纪中期的一种与机械学相结合的艺术，采用活动部件，造成动感效果的雕塑艺术。

Kinetic art can be seen in front of many office buildings built during the 50’s and 60’s

在五、六十年代，办公大楼前的雕塑多属活动艺术作品。

35landscape ：风景画，山水画

A depiction of natural land forms, sometimes allegorical

以自然风景为主题，有时含有讽喻意义的作品。

Paula travels to New Mexico each summer to paint western landscapes

波拉每年夏天都去新墨西哥州画西部风景画。

36medium ：溶剂，调色剂，材料

A liquid in which pigment is mixed to form paint; a type of paint of coloring matter used in painting

绘画用的调和颜料的液体；艺术创作所使用的材料。

It’s sometimes fun to look at a painting and try to figure out what medium the artist used

有时猜猜一部艺术作品所使用的材料很有意思。

37Ming ：具有明代艺术特色的

(adj)Characteristic of a highly academic classicism, esp in porcelains (China, 14th –17th centuries)

高度传统古典主义倾向的，特别是指与14至17世纪中国明代瓷器有关的艺术。

Dr Franks is an expert on porcelains from the Ming dynasty

38minimal art ：极简抽象艺术；最小主义艺术

An abstract, simple, reductionist style with absence of all but basic formal elements and primary colors (US mid-20th century)

美国20世纪中期兴起的一种艺术流派，其特点是抽象、简单、微缩，即把作品简略到基本抽象成分。

Minimalism is characterized by space with very sparse design elements and helped launch the popular art slogan of “less is more”

最小主义艺术的特征是稀疏的画面，这一艺术促成了“简即繁”的艺术口号。

39modernism ：现代主义

A style that breaks with traditional art forms and searches for new modes of expression

一种新的、脱离传统艺术手法的表现形式。

Modernism became popular in the early part of the 20th century

现代主义在20世纪初开始流行起来。

40mosaic ：马赛克；镶嵌工艺，镶嵌画

An illustration composed of small, colored stones or tiles set into cement

用五颜六色的小石子或瓦片在水泥板上镶嵌面成的图案。

The new mall in town features a giant mosaic over the main entrance way

在城里新建的林荫道的主要入口处有一个巨大的镶嵌画。

（我觉得这句话应译成：城里新建的大型商场/购物中心的入口处有一巨幅镶嵌画。---southleaf）

41mural ：壁画；壁饰

A large-scale painting, usually on a wall or ceiling

通常挂在墙上或天花板上的巨幅画。

The McMullen’s have a giant mural painting along the hallway in their home

麦克伦家的门厅里有一幅巨型壁画。

41neoclassicism ：新古典主义

A style modeled after proportion and restraint of Greek and Roman classical antiquity (late 18th, early 19th century)

模仿和借鉴古希腊罗马匀称、庄重建筑风格的艺术形式，盛行于18世纪末，19世纪初。

We knew that Mr Samuels was into neoclassicism by the way that he had his courtyard decorated with nude statues

42new wave ：新浪潮

A combination of cartoon, graffiti, and performance art in a minimalist, unsophisticated style (late 20th century)

综合漫画、涂鸦和表演艺术的艺术形式，其风格简单自然。

There’s a new wave art show currently on exhibit up at the local college gallery

本地大学美术馆正在举办一个新浪潮艺术作品展。

43nude ：画，像

The undraped human figure, sometimes allegorical

无遮盖的人体画像，有时具有讽喻意义。

The nude has always played a powerful role in art throughout the ages

在艺术领域，画一直占有重要地位。

44oil paint ：油画颜料；油漆

Pigment mixed with drying oil, exp linseed oil

和亚麻油等干性油混制成的颜料。

You can buy a beginner’s set of oil paints for under $ 20

花不到20元，你就可以买到初学者所用的一套油画颜料。

45op art ：光效应艺术，视觉艺术

A style with graphic abstraction and pattern-oriented optical effects (mid-20th century)

利用几何图形和色彩对比给人以模棱两可的视幻觉艺术，起源于20世纪中期。

Riley and Vasarely are two noteable artists who made contributions in the illusory world of op art

瑞利和凡撒里这两位的艺术家为梦幻般的光效应艺术作出了贡献。

46performance art ：戏剧表演艺术

Use of paintings, sculpture, and video in live theatrical performance by the artist (late 20th century)

现场戏剧表演中艺术家掺入绘画、雕塑和摄像等形式的综合艺术。兴起于20世纪末。

We watched a program that featured performance art on TV last night

昨晚有一个电视节目介绍了表现派艺术。

47pastel ：彩色粉笔画

A crayon made of color ground with chalk and compounded with gum water into paste, often of pale color

粉笔作底色，用胶水调和色彩。色调淡雅。

Degas is probably my favorite pastel artist

德加大概算是我最喜欢的彩色粉笔画家了。

48perspective ：透视画法

A system of realistically depicting three-dimensional objects or views onto two-dimensional, flat surfaces through convergent lines and planes

以现实的手法，在两维的平面上，利用线和面趋向会合的视错觉原理刻画三维物体的艺术。

Perspective illustration provides a three-dimensional view of objects or views

透视画法提供了一个对物体或景色的三维视角。

49pictograph ：象形文字；图画文字 6

A picture symbolizing an idea or object, used as an early form of writing

代表一个思想或物体的图画。属早期的文字。

Three men were arrested for vandalizing ancient pictographs found I the canyons of southern Utah

50pointillism ：点画法；点彩派

Neo-impressionism characterized by the use of tiny, closely spaced dots or points of color that blend to produce a luminous quality

新印象主义画法，用微小、密集的彩色点混合后产生一种夺目的效果。

The painting “Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte” by Seurat is probably the most famous work of pointillism

修拉的《在拉·格兰德·加特岛的一个星期天下午》大概是最有名的点彩派画了。

1、我想成为你干净清澈的眼神里，独一无二的心事。

I want to be a unique thing in your clean and clear eyes

2、是你太会忍耐不联系我，还是你根本就不在乎。

You are too patient to contact me, or you don't care at all

3、如果你决定要旅行，那就别怕风雨兼程。

If you decide to travel, don't be afraid of both wind and rain

4、人生的挑战是不可避免的，与其被动面对不如主动迎接。

The challenge of life is inevitable, and it is better to be active than to face passively

5、我在笑，他们当初说好的不离不弃，那脆弱的友情。

I was laughing, they said good at the beginning, that fragile friendship

6、人活着，真的不容易，好好珍惜每一天。

People live, really not easy, cherish every day

7、如果你渴望成功，请先给自己定一个明确的目标。

If you want to succeed, set a clear goal for yourself

8、并不是我执着，而是因为你值得让我为你而执着。

It's not my persistence, but because you are worth it for me to stick to you

9、星星应该哈哈大笑，反正宇宙是个偏僻的地方。

The stars should laugh Anyway, the universe is a remote place

10、女人的学识，灵性，人格，构成女人的味道。

Women's knowledge, spirituality, personality, constitute the taste of women

11、世上有一种永远亏本的事，那就是发脾气。

There is a kind of thing that will always lose money That is to lose temper

12、善于在字面上翻弄花样的，很容易流于轻薄。

Good at turning patterns on the face, it is easy to be thin

13、人能去的地方很多，但能回去的地方太少。

There are many places people can go to, but there are too few places to go back

14、给我一场车祸，要么失忆，要么死，要么穿越。

Give me a car accident, either lose memory, die, or cross

15、我是你的过眼云烟，而你却是我的末世依存。

I am your past, but you are my last dependence

16、真心的对别人产生点兴趣，是推销员最重要的品格。

It is the most important character of salesmen to have a little interest in others sincerely

17、如果做好心理准备，一切准备都已经完成。

If you are prepared mentally, everything is done

18、若没人陪你颠沛流离，便以梦为马随处而栖。

If no one accompany you to wander, you will dream for the horse everywhere

19、有一种力量可以海纳百川，那就是微笑。

There is a power to take over all rivers, that is to smile

20、那首属于我们的歌，你把结局唱给了谁。

Who did you sing the ending to that song that belongs to us

21、当别人把你当领导时，自己不要把自己当领导。

When others take you as the leader, don't take yourself as the leader

22、人生烦恼实多，有酒不喝，等明天都蹉跎了。

Life is really much trouble, there is no wine to drink, waiting for tomorrow wasted

23、过去的一页，能不翻就不要翻，翻落了灰尘会迷了双眼。

In the past, you can not turn it without turning it If you turn over the dust, you will lose your eyes

24、烦恼是自己制造、自己享用的一种精神。

Worry is a kind of spirit that we make and enjoy

25、家，是一种心灵上的寄托，而不是我们生活上的负担！

Home, is a kind of spiritual sustenance, not our life burden!

26、其实，一个男人的梦想几乎是从来不会实现的。

In fact, a man's dream is almost never realized

27、人的一生全靠奋斗，唯有奋斗才能成功。

People's life depends on struggle, only struggle can succeed

28、生活或许会有遗憾，希望未来依旧美好。

Life may have regrets, hope the future will be better

29、时间，可以淡忘一切，也可以让某些记忆加深。

Time can forget everything, but also make some memories deepen

30、事情其实很简单，复杂的却是自己的心！

Things are very simple, complex is their own heart!

31、灵魂深处的美丽和寂寞。总是需要一个人来读懂。

The beauty and loneliness in the soul It always takes one person to read

32、胜利者往往是从坚持最后五分钟的时间中得来成功。

The winner usually gets success from the last five minutes

33、有教养的头脑的第一个标志就是善于提问。

The first sign of a cultivated mind is being good at asking questions

34、精致背后的坚韧与自律，才是这世上最好看的风景。

The tenacity and self-discipline behind refinement are the best scenery in the world

35、因为没有，从不担心失去；因为想要，才会患得患失。

Because there is no, never worry about losing; because want, will be in need

36、得到机会以后，需更加小心谨慎，因为往后的路更难走。

After getting the opportunity, we need to be more cautious, because the way back is more difficult to go

37、我再深情的拥抱，也敌不过她谄媚的一笑。

I can not resist her flattering smile with a deep hug

38、人生在世，行色匆匆，与之相伴的，终归是一路人。

Life is alive, and it is a hurry It is always a passer-by

39、抱怨的人，缺少良知，缺少信仰，缺少思维的周旋。

The complains lack conscience, lack of faith, lack of circle of thinking

40、放松点。不用和每个人都要好，也不用被每个人喜欢。

Take it easy Don't be nice to everyone, and don't have to be liked by everyone

41、岁月悠悠，做个可爱的姑娘，不烦世事，满心欢喜。

Years long, be a lovely girl, not bothered with the world, full of joy

42、有两种东西容易让人迷失，一是谎言，二是欲望。

There are two things that are easy to lose, one is lies, the other is desire

43、别认为自己是超人，超人敢把内裤穿外面你敢吗！

Don't think you are superman Do you dare to wear underwear outside!

44、一切痛苦能够毁灭人，然而受苦的人也能把痛苦消灭！

All pain can destroy people, but the suffering can destroy it!

45、做一件事，无论大小，倘无恒心，是很不好的。

It is not good to do something, no matter how big or small, if you don't have perseverance

46、一念花开，便是欣喜，一念花落，便是惆怅。

When you think of flowers, you will be happy When you think about flowers, you will be sad

47、咱们的人生随咱们花费多少发奋而具有多少价值。

Our life has the value of how much we spend to make it

48、当怀旧成为一种经典的病，我们早已都病入膏肓了。

When nostalgia becomes a classic disease, we are all very sick

49、除非你亲自尝试一下，否则你永远不知道你能够做什么。

You never know what you can do unless you try it yourself

50、与其追捧别人的强大，不如看看自己有多弱！

Rather than chasing the strength of others, it is better to see how weak you are!

51、天气好好，吃的饱饱，岁月不老，你在真好。

The weather is good, you are full of food, the years are not old, you are very good

52、懂我的人，不必解释。不懂我的人，何必解释。

People who understand me don't have to explain People who don't understand me need to explain

53、如果圆规的两只脚都动，永远也画不出一个圆。

If both feet of the compass move, you can never draw a circle

54、为了让明天活的踏实，所以今天我必须努力。

In order to live tomorrow, I have to work hard today

55、人生就像拉屎，有时候你很努力的，却只挤出一个屁。

Life is like shit Sometimes you work hard, but you just squeeze out a fart

56、勤勉而顽强地钻研，永远可以使你百尺竿头更进一步。

Diligent and tenacious study can always make you further

57、人不一定要学会如何去知恩图报，至少要知道不能忘本。

People don't have to learn how to know the good news, at least know not to forget the original

58、说一句谎话，何必要编造十句谎话来弥补。

Why make up ten lies to make up for a lie

59、过眼美景不如你，微风轻轻起，我好喜欢你。

The beautiful scenery is not as good as you The breeze rises gently I like you very much

60、成功的秘诀就是每天都比别人多努力一点。

The secret to success is to work harder every day than others

61、永远要寻找比自己更积极的人，比自己更积极的环境。

Always look for more positive people than yourself, more positive environment than yourself

62、爱情是一条河，我们都是瞎子，谁不是摸着石头过河呢。

Love is a river, we are blind, who is not touching the stone across the river

63、与其在痛苦中挣扎，不如在拼搏中死去。

Rather than struggling in pain, it's better to die in a struggle

64、小的时候，不把他当人，大了以后，也做不了人。

When I was a child, I didn't treat him as a man When I was old, I couldn't be a man

65、人生，哪有事事如意，生活，哪有样样顺心。

Life, where everything is good, life, which has all kinds of comfort

66、我喜欢的人，有光，光而不耀，与光同尘。

I like people, light, light and not shine, with light dust

67、人生最大的财富是健康，人生最大的幸福是知足。

The greatest wealth of life is health, and the greatest happiness in life is contentment

68、天不老，情难绝。心似双丝网，中有千千结。

It's hard to be young The heart is like a double screen, with thousands of knots in it

69、青春并不是指生命的某个时期，而是指一种精神状态。

Youth is not a period of life, but a state of spirit

70、走自己的路，听自己的歌，写自己的故事。

Take your own way, listen to your own songs, write your own stories

It will take some time to learn all the phrasal verbs, so let’s take a look at them one by one Below you will see the most mon ones with the verb ’take’,学习所有的短语动词需要一些时间，所以让我们一个一个地看一看。下面你会看到最常见的动词“take”。,Phrasal Verbs with Take,含有Take的动词短语,1 be taken aback：to be shocked,大吃一惊,I’d been taken aback by his behaviour at first, but it didn’t seem so shocking later on,一开始他的行为让我大吃一惊，但后来似乎没那么震惊。,2 take after somebody：resemble a parent (looks or behaviour),模仿某人：像父母（外貌或行为）,I take after my mother; I have the same hair colour and the same green eyes Who do you take after,我喜欢我的母亲；我有同样的头发颜色和同样的绿色眼睛。你要找谁？,3 take away：remove something from somebody / subtract (mathematics)/ carry food home from a restaurant,拿走，夺去：从某人身上拿走某物/减去（数学）/从餐馆把食物带回家,Dad! Josh wants to take away my doll Come and help me!/If you have five apples and take away o, you’re left with three/A sandwich and a large Coke to take away, please,爸爸！乔希想拿走我的洋娃娃。来帮帮我！/如果你有五个苹果，拿走两个，剩下三个。/请给我一个三明治和一大杯可乐。,4 take away from something：make the value of something seem less,夺走某物：使某物的价值看起来不那么重要,The fact that she’d cheated in the exam took away from her achievements,她在考试中作弊的事实使她的成绩失效。,5 take something apart：to disassemble,拆开某物,I think you should take the keyboard apart to clean it properly,我认为你应该把键盘拆开，把它清洗干净。,6 take something back,把东西拿回去,to say that you don’t really mean what you’ve said or written,说你说的或写的不是真的,Okay, okay, I’ll take it back You’re not the worst singer I’ve ever heard,好吧，好吧，我把它拿回去。你不是我听过最差的歌手。,7 take down：separate the pieces of a structure / write down,记下来：把一个结构的各个部分分开/写下来,We’ll have to take down the cupboard if we want to paint the walls/My colleague will show you the flat while I take down your personal details,如果我们想粉刷墙壁，就得把碗橱取下来。/我记下你的个人资料时，我的同事会带你去看那套公寓。,8 take for something：to regard as,接受某物：认为,I don’t like being taken for an idiot/I won’t take no for an answer,我不喜欢别人把我当成 。/我不会接受不的回答。,9 take in：give home to somebody / notice, absorb (and understand) / make clothes tighter/ to deceive,收纳：把家交给某人/注意、吸收（和理解）/使衣服更紧/欺骗,Last week I took in a kitten and she’s already the queen of the house/I took in every word he said It was an amazing speech/I’ll have this dress taken in at the waist, it’s too big/I’m easily taken in, so please don’t lie to me,上周我收养了一只小猫，她已经是家里的女王了。/他说的每一句话我都听进去了。演讲很精彩。/我要把这件衣服收腰，太大了。/我很容易被收腰，所以请不要骗我。,10 take off：remove clothing / remove hair (at the hairdresser’s) / airplane begins to fly/ to leave/ to bee successful,起飞：脱掉衣服/脱掉头发（在理发店）/飞机开始飞行/离开/成功,You don’t have to take off your shoes, just go right ahead/Can you take off just a little at the back, please/The plane took off enty minutes late, but landed on time/They took off in the middle of the party/My career took off immediately after I’d graduated,你不必脱鞋，就走吧。/请你在后面脱一点好吗？/飞机晚点二十分钟起飞，但准时降落。/他们在晚会中途起飞。/我毕业后事业立即起飞。,11 take on：accept a job, responsibility / to employ, hire somebody,承担：接受工作，承担责任/雇用，雇用某人,I can’t take on any extra work, I’m too busy/They want to take on ten more assistants,我不能承担任何额外的工作，我太忙了。/他们想再请十个助手。,12 take over：gain control,接管：增益控制,You can stop now, I’ll take over from here/Unfortunately, my pany was taken over by a multinational firm and I lost my job,你现在可以停下来，我从这里接手。/不幸的是，我的公司被一家跨国公司接手，我失业了。,13 take out：invite and go out with someone (to a restaurant, theater, disco etc) / to obtain some service/ get money from your bank account/ to kill somebody,外卖：邀请某人出去（去餐馆、剧院、迪斯科舞厅等）/获得一些服务/从你的银行账户上取钱/杀死某人,Gee is taking me out to dinner tonight/I had to take out a loan to start my business/Let’s stop at the ATM I need to take out some money/The serial killer was taken out by snipers,乔治今晚要带我出去吃饭。/我得借点钱才能开始我的生意。/我们在自动取款机前停一下。我需要拿出一些钱。/连环杀手被狙击手干掉了。,14 take (it) out on somebody：make someone feel bad, because you are feeling bad too,向某人发泄：让某人感觉不好，因为你也感觉不好,Hey, I understand that you’ve had a horrible day, but don’t take it out on me,嘿，我知道你今天过得很糟糕，但别把它发泄在我身上。,15 take somebody through something：to explain something in detail to somebody,带某人经历某事：向某人详细解释某事,I hope the instructions were clear I can take you through it again if you want,我希望指示很清楚。如果你愿意，我可以再带你去。,16 take to：to start liking/ to make a habit,开始喜欢/养成习惯,I’d been worried whether my dog would get on well with the new puppy I shouldn’t have worried- he took to it immediately/I’ve taken to drinking my coffee black- I’d like to lose weight,我一直担心我的狗是否能和那只新小狗相处得很好。我不该担心-他马上就开始了。/我已经开始喝咖啡了-我想减肥。,17 take up：start a new sport, hobby, school subject / fill space (or time)/ start again, resume,开始：开始一项新的运动、爱好、学校主题/填补空间（或时间）/重新开始、继续,When I’m fluent in English, I’ll take up Spanish lessons/This cupboard takes up too much space, I don’t want it in my living-room/We took up where we had left off,当我英语流利的时候，我会上西班牙语课。/这个柜子占了太多的空间，我不想把它放在客厅里。/我们走上了我们离开的地方。,18 take somebody up on something：accept an offer,接受某人的提议,You’re always wele to stay with us when you’re in Paris/Thank you, I’ll take you up on that the next time I e to France,当你在巴黎的时候，我们欢迎你留下来。/谢谢，下次我来法国的时候我会带你去的。,19 take something up with somebody：mention something in order to seek help from somebody,与某人 ：提及某事以寻求某人的帮助,Why don’t you take the matter up with your local MP (Member of Parliament) I’m sure he or she could help/I hope you’ve taken an interest in phrasal verbs Remember: the verb ‘take’ also has many different meanings in itself, why not revise them here and now It takes time and practice to learn a foreign language,你为什么不把这件事交给你当地的议员（议员）处理呢？我相信他或她能帮上忙。/我希望你对短语动词感兴趣。记住：动词take本身也有很多不同的意思，为什么不现在就修改一下呢？学习一门外语需要时间和实践。

一、曾仕强：中国式管理大师,全球华人中国式管理第一人

现任：

中华企管网集团 首席顾问

华夏智业管理学院 院长

曾任：

台湾交通大学 教授

台湾兴国管理学院 院长

学历：

英国牛津大学 管理哲学荣誉博士

英国莱斯特大学 管理哲学博士

美国杜鲁门大学 行政管理硕士

国立台湾师范大学 教育学士学位

民生报调查为交大最受学生欢迎教授之一

生产力中心调查为最受企业界人士欢迎十大名嘴之一

应邀新加坡、马来西亚、印尼、泰国、香港、中国大陆演讲企业管理，在台湾主讲千次以上。

二、成中英：专研中国管理哲学，C理论的创始人

现任：

美国夏威夷大学 教授

美国东西方大学 校长

国际中国哲学学会 荣誉会长

国际易经学会 会长

1935年生于南京，祖籍湖北省阳新县。于1956年毕业于台湾大学，1963年获哈佛大学哲学博士学位，

七○年代曾为台大哲学系教授兼主任，后应邀赴夏威夷大学任教至今，被称为“第三代新儒学代表人物”。 成

中英 教授现任国际中国哲学会荣誉会长，国际易经学会主席，国际儒学联合会副理事长等职务，并担任耶鲁

大学、牛津大学、台湾大学、北京大学等十余所大学的客座教授。他学贯中西，长期从事逻辑与语言哲学、

科学哲学、管理哲学、易经哲学、儒学与新儒学等方面的研究，是C理论的创始人。他在哲学的专业领域是中

西哲学会通、儒家哲学及本体诠释学，其治学的基本思路是：深入西方哲学的核心，宏扬中国哲学的精华，

推动融合中国哲学的世界哲学的创立。著有《美国哲学归纳法理论研究》、《戴震原善研究》、《中国哲学

与中国文化》、《科学真理与人类价值》、《合外内之道:儒家哲学论》《C理论：中国管理哲学》等，发表

学术论文近百篇。

三、杜维明：新儒学第三代****

杜维明，祖籍广东南海,1940年出生于昆明，1961年毕业于台湾东海大学，1962年获哈佛燕京学社奖学金

后前往哈佛大学深造。在哈佛相继取得硕士、博士学位，先后任教于普林斯顿大学、柏克莱加州大学，1981

年至今任教于哈佛大学。1988年，杜维明获选美国人文社会科学院院士，现任哈佛大学讲座教授，中央研究

院文哲所顾问委员会主席，达沃斯世界经济论坛成员，联合国推动文明对话杰出人士小组成员，并自1996年

出任燕京学社社长至今。

作为国际汉学界和当代新儒家的代表，杜维明的研究以中国儒家传统的现代转化为中心。自20世纪70年

代以来，他由关注东亚经济发展并引发文化思考，在“工业东亚与儒家伦理”、“儒家发展与现代化”等诸

多著述中对儒家伦理与经济伦理、企业伦理、行政管理及企业管理等之间的关系进行了深入探讨，并对儒家

文化在现代化中的作用，现代化的不同类型，多元的现代性等宏观课题进行了理论性的开拓。出版英文著作

11部，中文著作16部，发表论文数百篇。他的思想广为学界所重视，产生了世界性的影响。由于其杰出的贡

献，杜维明在2001和2002年分别荣获第九届国际toegye研究奖和联合国颁发的生态宗教奖等奖项。

杜维明教授多年来，致力於儒学第三期发展，文化中国，及现代精神的反思。1988年担任哈佛东亚系系

主任，并荣膺美国人文艺术科学院哲学组院士，1995年应印度哲学委员会之邀，在南亚五大学府，发表《国

家讲座》1996年出任哈佛燕京学社社长，均为有史以来华裔的第一遭。

这把雨伞是谁的英文：Who is this umbrella。

短语：Who is this umbrella 这是谁的雨伞，this is not my umbrella 这不是我的伞 ; 这不是我的雨伞 ; 正在翻译 ; 肯定句，Is this your umbrella 这是你伞 ; 这把伞是您的吗 ; 详细翻译 ; 这是你的雨伞吗。

who引导定语从句修饰表示人的名词，who本身在定语从句中作定语，who：发音: 英音hu：美音hu，翻译：pron 谁；什么人；关系代词，有先行词；孰 例句（用法）。umbrella伞 ; 雨伞 ; 保护伞 ; 总体 ; 阳伞 ; 庇护 ; 整体 ; 综合体 ; 保护国。

学习英文的方法和技巧：

1、单词

学英语要有一定的单词量， 这具体要看你想掌握到什么程度， 如果是正常交流， 只会一些简单单词就可以了， 初高中学的单词量完全够用。

2、听力

听力训练最好跟着磁带或者录音读， 听懂一句跟读一句， 反复进行训练， 把自己的发音说得标准一些。

3、读课文

学英语就要敢于大声朗读课文， 英语是用来读和说的， 不能学哑巴英语，那样永远也学不会一种语言。

3、做好笔记

上课老师会把最精华的东西都传授给同学们， 但是刚学英语， 有些同学很难完全消化吸收， 所以一定要记好笔记， 这样课后认真看笔记也能

4、背课文

学英语最好的方法就是背课文， 这样能培养语感， 有些题目即使不知道原理也能做对， 做选择题很有优势。